Inhibition of synaptosomal tyrosine hydroxylase activity by dopamine (DA) autoreceptors and serotonin (5-HT) heteroreceptors was used as a functional measure for the receptor activity in the nucleus accumbens of rats. Kinetic analysis of the concentration dependence of inhibition with and without antagonists indicates that the sensitivity of the autoreceptor to DA is significantly increased by blockade of the 5-HT heteroreceptor and vice versa. The results provide evidence for autoreceptor-heteroreceptor interactions at the presynaptic membrane level on dopaminergic nerve terminals.
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We examined the role of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor sigma (PTPRS) in the context of Alzheimer's disease and synaptic integrity. Publicly available datasets (BRAINEAC, ROSMAP, ADC1) and a cohort of asymptomatic but "at risk" individuals (PREVENT-AD) were used to explore the relationship between PTPRS and various Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. We identified that PTPRS rs10415488 variant C shows features of neuroprotection against early Tau pathology and synaptic degeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Funct
May 2024
Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder and dopaminergic dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may play a role. Our previous research indicated that theobromine (TB), a methylxanthine, enhances cognitive function in rodents the PFC. This study investigates TB's effects on hyperactivity and cognitive function in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), an ADHD animal model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirc Res
May 2024
Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I (M.L.B., R.G., K.M., T.M., K.S.), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.
Background: Endothelial activation promotes the release of procoagulant extracellular vesicles and inflammatory mediators from specialized storage granules. Endothelial membrane exocytosis is controlled by phosphorylation. We hypothesized that the absence of PTP1B (protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B) in endothelial cells promotes venous thromboinflammation by triggering endothelial membrane fusion and exocytosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pain
August 2024
Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China & National Health Commission of China, Beijing, China; Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
Exacerbation of pain by chronic stress and comorbidity of pain with stress-related disorders such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, represent significant clinical challenges. Previously we have documented that chronic forced swim (FS) stress exacerbates neuropathic pain in spared nerve injury (SNI) rats, associated with an up-regulation of GluN2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (GluN2B-NMDARs) in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying chronic FS stress (CFSS)-mediated exacerbation of pain sensitivity in SNI rats still remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Immunol
December 2023
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
In the present study, we found that methiothepin (a nonselective 5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT] receptor antagonist) inhibited antigen-induced degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia cells and mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. Although antigen stimulation induces release of histamine and serotonin (5-HT) by exocytosis and mast cells express several types of 5-HT receptor, the detailed role of these receptors remains unclear. Here, pretreatment of cells with methiothepin attenuated increased intracellular Ca concentration, phosphorylated critical upstream signaling components (Src family tyrosine kinases, Syk, and PLCγ1), and suppressed TNF-α secretion via inhibition of Akt (a Ser/Thr kinase activated by PI3K)and ERK phosphorylation.
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