Possible extended utilization of a Ge/Ga source as a surrogate F reference source was studied. Some effects and uncertainties might arise from the difference of constructions between chambers that were used in the source calibration and those practically in use. To extend utilization of the surrogate source, response ratio of real F to Ge/Ga sources were determined for three models of chambers. Monte-Carlo simulation using EGS5 code was also carried out to evaluate uncertainties expected. The present result shows that such a surrogate source would adapt to calibration even for chambers have with different construction from the reference chamber used as the determination of F equivalent activity of the Ge/Ga surrogate source.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.10.018 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci (Camb)
February 2024
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA.
Onsite non-potable water reuse systems (ONWS) are decentralized systems that treat and repurpose locally collected waters ( greywater or combined wastewater) for uses such as irrigation and flushing toilets. To ensure that treatment is meeting risk benchmarks, it is necessary to monitor the efficacy of pathogen removal. However, accurate assessment of pathogen reduction is hampered by their sporadic and low occurrence rates in source waters and concentrations in treated water that are generally below measurement detection limits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Al-Amarah University, Maysan, Iraq.
In this paper, the usage of a predictive surrogate model for the estimate of flow variables in the transient phase of coolant injection from the nose cone by combining the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) technique. The velocity, pressure, and mass fraction of the counterflow jet is evaluated via this hybrid technique and the source of discrepancy of a predictive surrogate model with Full order model is explained in this study. The POD modes for the efficient prediction of the different flow variables are defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterv Neuroradiol
January 2025
Department on Stroke Medicine and Vascular Neurology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Background: Early identification and quantification of core infarct is of importance in stroke management for treatment selection, prognostication, and complication prediction. Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) (NCCT) remains the primary tool, but it suffers from limited sensitivity and inter-rater variability; CT perfusion is inconsistently available and commonly blighted by movement artefact. We assessed the performance of a standardised form of CT angiographic source imaging (CTASI) obtained through addition of a delayed phase at 40 seconds post-contrast injection (DP40) following fast-acquisition CT angiography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioinform Adv
January 2025
Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Motivation: Since their introduction about 10 years ago, methylation clocks have provided broad insights into the biological age of different species, tissues, and in the context of several diseases or aging. However, their application to single-cell methylation data remains a major challenge, because of the inherent sparsity of such data, as many CpG sites are not covered. A methylation clock applicable on single-cell level could help to further disentangle the processes that drive the ticking of epigenetic clocks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Pharmacol Ther
January 2025
IQ Health Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Drug development is a lengthy process with considerable uncertainty at each milestone. Several trials are needed to progress to confirmatory evaluation and establish a positive benefit-risk balance. One of the critical milestones is the decision to progress to phase III based on phase II trial results.
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