This paper investigates the issues associated with choosing appropriate models of choice for demographic agent-based models. In particular, we discuss the importance of context, time preference, and dealing with uncertainty in decision modelling, as well as the heterogeneity between agents in their decision-making strategies. The paper concludes by advocating empirically driven, modular, and multi-model approaches to designing simulations of human decision-making, given the lack of an agreed strategy for dealing with any of these issues. Furthermore, we suggest that an iterative process of data collection and simulation experiments, with the latter informing future empirical data collection, should form the basis of such an endeavour. The discussion is illustrated with reference to selected demographic agent-based models, with a focus on migration.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00324728.2017.1350280 | DOI Listing |
Vaccine
January 2025
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, and National University Health System, Singapore. Electronic address:
Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) continues to circulate in Southeast Asia following the 2015-2016 global epidemic, posing an ongoing risk of importation and disease spread for Singapore, a tropical city-state in the region. The virus remains a threat to pregnant women and their fetuses due to the risk of Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). Vaccines currently in development offer hope for reducing ZIKV infections and CZS cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Center for Value-Based Care Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
Importance: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and is projected to become the leading indication for liver transplant (LT) in the US. Understanding its clinical burden can help to identify opportunities for prevention and treatment.
Objective: To project the burden of MASLD in US adults from 2020 to 2050.
BMJ Glob Health
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Introduction: Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a priority intervention for scale-up in countries with high HIV prevalence. Policymakers must decide how to optimise PrEP allocation to maximise health benefits within limited budgets. We assessed the health and economic impact of PrEP scale-up among different subgroups and regions in western Kenya.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Escuela de Posgrados, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia.
This article discusses the dynamics of innovation in America and Europe, focusing on variables such as access to technology, education, and life expectancy. To do this, the article proposes an agent-based model called the Innovameter. The dependent variable is the Global Innovation Index.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Med Int Health
January 2025
Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Background: Epidemiological modelling studies in snakebite envenoming research are evolving. Their techniques can be essential in filling the knowledge gap needed to attain the World Health Organization's (WHO) goal of halving the burden of snakebite envenoming by complementing the current data scarcity. Hence, there is a need for a systematic review to summarise epidemiological models used in estimating the burden of snakebite envenoming.
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