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Soft Robotics in Upper Limb Neurorehabilitation and Assistance: Current Clinical Evidence and Recommendations.
Soft Robot
January 2025
Singapore-ETH Centre, Future Health Technologies Programme, Singapore, Singapore.
Article Synopsis
- Soft robotics is being explored for rehabilitation, offering potential benefits for individuals recovering upper limb motor function after injuries, with an emphasis on increased safety and comfort compared to traditional rigid robotics.
- The article reviews clinical evidence from 37 studies on 13 different soft upper limb devices used in both clinical and home environments, assessing their effectiveness and user experience.
- It aims to guide future developments in soft robotic rehabilitation by providing recommendations for design and application, highlighting the importance of understanding user needs and clinical outcomes.
Metal-Free Aziridination of Unactivated Olefins via Transient -Pyridinium Iminoiodinanes.
JACS Au
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.
We describe a metal-free aziridination of unactivated olefins to generate pyridinium aziridines. Subsequent cross-coupling affords -aryl aziridines, and reductive depyridylation affords N-H aziridines. Kinetics experiments, based on a variable time normalization analysis (VTNA), indicate that aziridination proceeds via a highly electrophilic -pyridinium iminoiodinane intermediate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTuning Electronic Friction in Structural Superlubric Schottky Junctions.
ACS Nano
November 2024
Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Friction at sliding interfaces, even in the atomistically smooth limit, can proceed through many energy dissipation channels, such as phononic and electronic excitation. These processes are often entangled and difficult to distinguish, eliminate, and control, especially in the presence of wear. Structural superlubricity (SSL) is a wear-free state with ultralow friction that closes most of the dissipation channels, except for electronic friction, which raises a critical concern of how to effectively eliminate and control such a channel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotocatalytic One-Pot Three-Component Reaction for the Regioselective Synthesis of Bromo-Substituted Pyrazoles.
J Org Chem
November 2024
Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
A photocatalytic three-component cascade reaction of readily available enaminones, hydrazines, and CBr for the synthesis of bromo-substituted pyrazoles in one pot has been demonstrated. This strategy involves intermolecular C-N/C-Br bond formation and represents an efficient approach to the construction of 4-bromo-substituted pyrazoles with high regioselectivity, broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, convenient operation, and mild reaction conditions. Mechanistic investigations show that this reaction proceeds via intermolecular cyclization of enaminones with hydrazines, followed by a regioselective bromination of pyrazoles using CBr as a "Br" source.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeptin-activated hypothalamic BNC2 neurons acutely suppress food intake.
Nature
December 2024
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Leptin is an adipose tissue hormone that maintains homeostatic control of adipose tissue mass by regulating the activity of specific neural populations controlling appetite and metabolism. Leptin regulates food intake by inhibiting orexigenic agouti-related protein (AGRP) neurons and activating anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. However, whereas AGRP neurons regulate food intake on a rapid time scale, acute activation of POMC neurons has only a minimal effect.
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