Spectral anomalies of femtosecond pulses with orbital angular momentum were studied in the vicinity of singularities. Bessel-Gauss (BG) beams were generated with mode-locked Ti:sapphire oscillators and dispersion-compensated diffractive axicons acting as spiral phase plates (SPPs). High-resolution two-dimensional spectral mapping was performed with a scanning fiber probe. Progressive rotation of the most pronounced features, known as "spectral eyes", in the maps of spectral moments was found at increasing propagation distance. The phenomenon is explained by a wavelength-dependent Gouy phase shift of interfering spectral components in the twisted wavefront. Spatial "spectral switching" was detected for few-cycle pulses. Possible improvements of selectivity are proposed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.026076 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, Porto, PRT.
Migraine, a neurological disorder often accompanied by symptoms such as visual disturbances, nausea, and photophobia, involves complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors, while vascular factors are also implicated, influenced by both genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. This case report discusses a 41-year-old male with a history of migraine with visual aura, presenting with sudden left-eye visual loss. Comprehensive ophthalmologic examination revealed a central scotoma, while multimodal imaging, including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), showed focal alterations in the outer plexiform layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
January 2025
School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan. Electronic address:
Background: The detection of abnormal brain activity plays an important role in the early diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent studies have shown that the decomposition of the electroencephalography (EEG) spectrum into periodic and aperiodic components is useful for identifying the drivers of electrophysiologic abnormalities and avoiding individual differences.
Methods: This study aimed to elucidate the pathologic changes in individualized periodic and aperiodic activities and their relationships with the symptoms of MDD.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are common causes of dementia, but differentiating between them can be challenging due to overlapping symptoms [1]. Quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) is emerging as a promising tool to identify potential biosignatures that can distinguish AD and FTD [2]–[5]. Prior EEG research has revealed slowing of the posterior dominant rhythm (PDR) in both AD and FTD patients compared to controls, reflecting underlying neurodegeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are age‐related radiological abnormalities indicative of small vessel disease. It is unclear if WMHs in different regions represent similar pathophysiology and etiology. Here, we developed a framework to estimate WMH pathophysiology in vivo, which allowed us to precisely characterize spatial patterns of WMH tissue alterations associated with four disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are age‐related radiological abnormalities indicative of small vessel disease. It is unclear if WMHs in different regions represent similar pathophysiology and etiology. Here, we developed a framework to estimate WMH pathophysiology in vivo, which allowed us to precisely characterize spatial patterns of WMH tissue alterations associated with four disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!