Background: The efficiency and mechanisms of adoptive transfer of cytomegalovirus (CMV)specific T cells for refractory CMV infection after haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) remain largely unknown.
Methods: Thirty-two patients with refractory CMV infection who accepted treatment with adoptive CMV-specific T-cell infusion following haplo-SCT were prospectively enrolled. Another 32 patients with nonrefractory CMV infection after haplo-SCT were selected as control subjects. The phenotypical and functional characteristics of CMV-specific T cells were analyzed before and after cellular therapy in the refractory cohort, as well as in the nonrefractory cohort.
Results: In the refractory cohort, 27 of the 32 treated patients exhibited CMV clearance within 4 weeks after adoptive T-cell transfer without recurrence. The in vivo expansion of CMV-specific T cells and improvements in the cytokine production and proliferation ability of the CMV-specific T cells were observed after cellular therapy. Moreover, a reduced expression of programmed death-1 (PD-1) on CMV-specific T cells was observed. However, in the remaining 5 patients who showed CMV recurrence 4 weeks after transfer, neither the quantity nor the function of CMV-specific T cells was restored.
Conclusions: The adoptive transfer of CMV-specific T cells promotes quantitative and functional recovery of CMV-specific T cells to guard against refractory CMV infection after haplo-SCT.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix357 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Diagnostic Performance of Two Different Techniques to Quantify CMV-Specific Cell-Mediated Immunity in Intermediate-Risk Seropositive Kidney Transplant Recipients.
Transpl Infect Dis
January 2025
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital "12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
Background: Kidney transplant (KT) recipients at intermediate risk for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection constitute a potential target for individualized prevention strategies informed by the CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMV-CMI). The optimal method for the functional assessment of CMV-CMI in this group remains unclear.
Methods: We included 74 CMV-seropositive KT recipients that did not receive T-cell-depleting induction and were managed by preemptive therapy.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia Skews Therapeutic WT1-specific CD8 TCR-T Cells Towards an NK-like Phenotype that Compromises Function and Persistence.
medRxiv
December 2024
Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that is relapsed and/or refractory post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is usually fatal. In a prior study, we demonstrated that AML relapse in high-risk patients was prevented by post-HCT immunotherapy with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific donor CD8 T cells engineered to express a high-affinity Wilms Tumor Antigen 1 (WT1)-specific T-cell receptor (T). However, in the present study, infusion of EBV- or Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T did not clearly improve outcomes in fifteen patients with active disease post-HCT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCytomegalovirus-Specific T-Cell-Receptor-like Antibodies Target In Vivo-Infected Human Leukocytes Inducing Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- CMV reactivation is a significant health issue for patients who have undergone stem cell or organ transplants, leading to increased risks of illness and death.
- Three CMV-specific Fab-antibodies (A6, C1, C7) have been developed to bind to particular MHC molecules, showing effectiveness in targeting and destroying CMV-infected cells, especially when used in combination with natural killer (NK) cells.
- The TCR-like antibodies also demonstrated the ability to activate neutrophils to kill target cells, offering a promising treatment option for patients experiencing or at risk of CMV reactivation, with a broader potential patient application than previous methods.
Article Synopsis
- γδ T-cells play a crucial role in immune surveillance following HLA-Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation (haplo-HSCT), especially in pediatric patients.
- A study showed that a specific subset of Vδ2 T-cells is associated with better antiviral protection, as these cells were more prevalent in patients who did not experience viral reactivation.
- The research highlights how Vδ2 T-cells can inhibit CMV replication and enhance the immune response, suggesting their potential use in immunotherapy post-transplantation to combat both infections and tumors.
Cytomegalovirus Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: Moving Beyond Molecular Diagnostics to Immunodiagnostics.
Diagnostics (Basel)
November 2024
College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Human CMV, regularly reactivated by simple triggers, results in asymptomatic viral shedding, powerful cellular immune responses, and memory inflation. Immunocompetent individuals benefit from a robust immune response, which aids in viral management without causing clinically significant illness; however, immunodeficient individuals are always at a higher risk of CMV reactivation and disease. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are consistently at higher risk of CMV reactivation and clinically significant CMV illness due to primary disease, immunosuppression, and graft vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!