Rhagoletis zephyria Snow and Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae) are morphologically similar flies that attack white-colored snowberry fruit (Symphoricarpos spp.) and yellow/red or dark-colored apple/hawthorn fruit (Malus/Crataegus spp.), respectively. The two flies are caught together on traps in R. pomonella surveys in the western United States, increasing labor needed to process catches. Comparing responses of the two species with different traps could help identify best practices for reducing R. zephyria captures in these surveys and could contribute to understanding population divergence in Rhagoletis flies. In Washington State, United States, we found that R. zephyria responded most to yellow rectangles and more to white than red spheres (RSs) baited with ammonium carbonate (AC), whereas R. pomonella responded most to RSs with AC. Yellow plastic rectangles with AC were more effective in capturing R. zephyria than cardboard rectangles, as has been found for R. pomonella. R. zephyria did not respond to apple fruit volatiles associated with RSs that were attractive to R. pomonella. In contrast, R. zephyria responded more to yellow rectangles with snowberry than apple volatiles. Both species responded to AC. Our results suggest that RSs are better than yellow rectangles for surveying R. pomonella when snowberries are abundant. However, if discrimination from R. zephyria is paramount, RSs with apple volatiles should be used. Differences in the species' responses to traps appear related to odor/color cues of the flies' host fruit, while commonalties appear related to visual/olfactory stimuli associated with protein feeding, for which AC is a general attractant.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvx130 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
March 2024
Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Background: Tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides clinically important, objective evidence from direct observation of specific features that assist with diagnosis. However, the current interpretation of tongue features requires a significant amount of manpower and time. TCM physicians may have different interpretations of features displayed by the same tongue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBull Entomol Res
April 2024
Grupo de Ecología Qímica, Departamento de Ecología de Artropodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, 30700 Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
(Matsumura) is an exotic pest of economic importance that affects several soft-skinned fruits in Mexico. Previously, we found that yellow or yellow-green rectangular cards inside a transparent trap baited with attractants improved . capture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDent Mater
June 2023
Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Republic of Korea, ; University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Objective: Feasibility investigation of natural teeth shades replication on dental prosthetics fabricated via functionally graded additive manufacturing (FGAM) using combination of feldspathic porcelain (FP) and yttrium aluminum garnet cerium (YAlOCe, YAG:Ce) as a promising esthetic restoration option.
Methods: Color-graded feldspathic crown fabrication parameter through FGAM method was comprehensively examined from the slurry rheology, cure depth, debinding to sintering temperature. Effect of light absorbent also checked towards overcuring reaction during UV exposure by the shape comparison.
Scientifica (Cairo)
June 2020
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
In this study, seeds of 10 species of epiphytic orchids were examined using light and scanning electron microscope. Quantitative and qualitative characters were analyzed. All the presently investigated seeds showed are transparent with visible embryo and remarkable embryo color variations (such as pale yellow, light yellow, shiny yellow to yellow, orange, and white).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsects
March 2020
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Western flower thrips (WFT), (Pergande), is a highly invasive pest, infesting many species of plants worldwide, but few studies have investigated the visual and olfactory cues associated with their foraging behaviors. In this study, the distance traveled by WFT to locate yellow cards using only visual cues and visual cues plus olfactory cues was studied first. Subsequently, preferences for colors (white, red, green, purple, yellow and blue) and patterns (triangle, rectangle, circle and flower-shape) over short distances were assessed with free-choice tests.
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