Background: The lipid from egg yolk is largely consumed in supplying the energy for embryonic growth until hatching. The remaining lipid in the yolk sac is transported into the hatchling's tissues. The gene expression profiles of fast- and slow-growing chickens, Arbor Acres (AA) and Beijing-You (BJY), were determined to identify global differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways related to lipid metabolism in the pectoralis major at hatching.
Results: Between these two breeds, the absolute and weight-specific amounts of total yolk energy (TYE) and intramuscular fat (IMF) content in pectoralis major of fast-growing chickens were significantly higher ( < 0.01, < 0.01, < 0.05, respectively) than those of the slow-growing breed. IMF content and u-TYE were significantly related ( = 0.9047, < 0.01). Microarray analysis revealed that gene transcripts related to lipogenesis, including , , , , , , 1, , and , were significantly more abundant in breast muscle of fast-growing chickens than in slow-growing chickens. Conversely, the abundance of transcripts of genes involved in fatty acid degradation and glycometabolism, including , , , , , , , , , and , was significantly lower in fast-growing chickens. The results further indicated that the PPAR signaling pathway was directly involved in fat deposition in pectoralis major, and other upstream pathways (Hedgehog, TGF-beta, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction signaling pathways) play roles in its regulation of the expression of related genes.
Conclusions: Additional energy from the yolk sac is transported and deposited as IMF in the pectoralis major of chickens at hatching. Genes and pathways related to lipid metabolism (such as PPAR, Hedgehog, TGF-beta, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction signaling pathways) promote the deposition of IMF in the pectoralis major of fast-growing chickens compared with those that grow more slowly. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism and deposition in hatchling chickens.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40104-017-0207-z | DOI Listing |
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open
January 2025
Instituto Médico Cervantes, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: Mastopexy combined with implant placement is a complex cosmetic surgery due to the dual nature of the procedure. Various mammoplasty techniques and implant types add to its intricacy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an internal breast lift in correcting pseudoptosis, grade 1 breast ptosis, and asymmetries, thereby offering a safer alternative with reduced morbidity and avoiding the creation of an inverted T scar.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Urology, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Nagpur, IND.
General anesthesia is the gold standard for breast cancer surgeries. Considering the nature of the surgery and its associated pain, various regional techniques are used as an adjunct to general anesthesia. Regional anesthesia as a sole anesthetic technique for breast cancer surgery is an upcoming technique - especially in high-risk patients considering the risk-benefit ratio, various regional blocks like pectoralis major block, pectoralis minor block, and erector spinae block - in which thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia is the recent one.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
This study presents an advanced dynamic finite element (FE) model of multiple components of the breast to examine the biomechanical impact of different types of physical activities and activity intensity on the breast tissues. Using 4D scanning and motion capture technologies, dynamic data are collected during different activities. The accuracy of the FE model is verified based on relative mean absolute error (RMAE), and optimal material parameters are identified by using a validated stepwise grid search method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Background: The relationships between pectoralis muscle parameters and outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain uncertain.
Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from 1 January 2019 to 1 May 2024 to identify non-overlapping studies evaluating pectoralis muscle-associated index on chest CT scan with clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients. Random-effects and fixed-effects meta-analyses were performed, and heterogeneity between studies was quantified using the I2 statistic.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open
January 2025
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Acute Surgical Pathology Clinic Hospital General de México, Dr Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico.
Background: In this article, we discuss a new technique of pectoralis major muscle volumization using ultrasound-guided fat grafting, considering a new surgical criterion that allows for larger volumes.
Methods: We present a retrospective observational descriptive study, which included men who underwent body contouring surgery during 2022-2023. As part of the study, measurements were taken before, immediately after, and at 3 months after surgery.
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