First case of Mycobacterium marseillense lymphadenitis in a child.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are pathogens that commonly affect the paediatric population and its most frequent manifestation is a cervicofacial lymphadenopathy. With the improvement of technologies, new species have been recently identified.

Case Presentation: We report the first case of NMT lymphadenitis in a child caused by Mycobacterium marseillense, a newly described species belonging to Mycobacterium avium complex.

Conclusions: Improving the identification of these newly discovered mycobacteria, further information will be available about their clinical involvement and their best treatment.