New alternative market models are needed to incentivize companies to invest in developing new antibacterial drugs. In a previous publication, the Transatlantic Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance (TATFAR) summarized the key areas of consensus for economic incentives for antibacterial drug development. That work determined that there was substantial agreement on the need for a mixture of push and pull incentives and particularly those that served to delink the revenues from the volumes sold. Pull incentives reward successful development by increasing or ensuring future revenue. Several pull incentives have been proposed that could substantially reward the development of new antibacterial drugs. In this second article authored by representatives of TATFAR, we examine the advantages and disadvantages of different pull incentives for antibacterial drug development. It is TATFAR's hope that this analysis, combined with other related analyses, will provide actionable information that will shape policy makers' thinking on this important issue.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix526 | DOI Listing |
Transl Behav Med
January 2025
Health Behaviour Change Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Galway, Galway, H91 EV56, Ireland.
While digital cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an effective alternative to center-based CR, its components and mechanisms of change remain poorly understood. The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) provides a framework that allows the effects of individual components of complex interventions to be studied. There is limited guidance within MOST on how to develop a conceptual model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnim Cogn
December 2024
Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Tool use is taxonomically associated with high behavioural flexibility and innovativeness, and its prevalence is greater in primates and some bird species. This association, however, is not known to be causally determinant of tool-related competence since flexibility and innovativeness are often observed in the absence of tool use and vice versa. For this reason, it is interesting to explore whether animals that can be loosely categorized as outstanding, or 'intelligent' physical problem solvers, are also remarkable using tools innovatively, rather than tool use presenting special constraints.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Health Serv Res
November 2024
Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia.
Policy Polit Nurs Pract
November 2024
School of Allied Health Professions and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
Background: Healthcare worker migration, influenced by push and pull factors, is accentuated by active recruitment strategies of developed nations. This scoping review explores experiences of internationally educated nurses, midwives, and healthcare professionals in the UK since 2010, acknowledging the historical context of UK recruitment policy and the implementation of codes of practice by the World Health Organisation and the UK government.
Methods: Using the Population, Concept, and Context framework, systematic literature searches were conducted in various databases, including CINAHL, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and Google Scholar.
Cureus
October 2024
Radiotherapy Physics, Queen's Hospital, BHRUT (Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust), Romford, GBR.
We present a case of a patient having cone-beam CT (CBCT)-based online adaptive radiotherapy (oART) on Ethos Therapy after oesophagectomy and gastric pull-up. This case report aims to demonstrate that daily oART is a viable treatment option for post-oesophagectomy patients. The patient's radiotherapy plan was generated on the Ethos system using an eight-field intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plan imported from the Eclipse planning system.
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