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Ionic Mechanisms Involved in β3-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Augmentation of GABAergic Transmission Onto Pyramidal Neurons in Prefrontal Cortex.
J Neurochem
January 2025
School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Activation of the brain-penetrant beta3-adrenergic receptor (Adrb3) is implicated in the treatment of depressive disorders. Enhancing GABAergic inputs from interneurons onto pyramidal cells of prefrontal cortex (PFC) represents a strategy for antidepressant therapies. Here, we probed the effects of the activation of Adrb3 on GABAergic transmission onto pyramidal neurons in the PFC using in vitro electrophysiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSomatostatin-expressing neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex promote sevoflurane anesthesia in mice.
Anesthesiology
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection of Ministry of Education (In Cultivation), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563100, Guizhou Province, China.
Background: The medial prefrontal cortex plays a crucial role in regulating consciousness. However, the specific functions of its excitatory and inhibitory networks during anesthesia remain uncertain. Here we explored the hypothesis that somatostatin interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex enhance the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia by increasing GABA transmission to pyramidal neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential Impact of Medical Therapies for Acromegaly on Glucose Metabolism.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) production, due, in the vast majority of cases, to the presence of a GH-secreting pituitary tumour. The chronic elevation of GH and the resulting high circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) cause the characteristic tissue overgrowth and a number of associated comorbidities, including several metabolic changes, such as glucose intolerance and overt diabetes mellitus (DM). Elevated GH concentrations directly attenuate insulin signalling and stimulate lipolysis, decreasing glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, thus leading to the development of impaired glucose tolerance and DM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase report: Resolution of VIPoma-related symptoms with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.
Front Oncol
January 2025
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital at Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is used for the management of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) not responsive to somatostatin analogs. In this case series, we report two patients with pancreatic vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-secreting NETs (VIPomas) not responsive to any other therapies who achieved symptomatic control and a significant decrease in serum VIP levels with PRRT during their hospital stay. Two patients with VIPomas were admitted to the hospital with multiple prior hospital admissions after going through multiple lines of therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolving Immunotherapy Strategies in Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.
Curr Treat Options Oncol
January 2025
The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Treatment for neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) is tailored to the tumor's site of origin, grade, and differentiation. NENs are categorized into two main types: well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), which tend to grow more slowly and are less aggressive, and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), which are highly aggressive and harder to treat. Treatment options for NETs range from somatostatin analogues and mTOR inhibitors to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with Lutetium-177 dotatate.
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