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Famished for Freedom: Pellagra and Medical Clemency at the Mississippi State Penitentiary.
J Hist Med Allied Sci
January 2025
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
This paper provides a case study of one medical experiment conducted in 1915 by the United States Public Health Service in collaboration with the Mississippi State Penitentiary. The experiment was non-therapeutic and its objective was to induce pellagra (a vitamin deficiency disease) in twelve healthy White male prisoners to confirm its etiology. Extant archival records produced by the convict participants, state politicians, and health researchers underscore that the men selected for the pellagra experiment were unique among incarcerated people in Mississippi at the time: they were White, wealthy, and politically well-connected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPellagra: An Unusual Cause for Altered Mental Status.
Cureus
October 2024
Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
Pellagra, a rare disorder caused by niacin deficiency, manifests as 4Ds: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and, if left untreated, death. Though it was thought to be eradicated from the United States after fortification with niacin, there have been concerns about its reemergence in specific high-risk populations such as chronic alcoholism, malabsorption, and anorexia nervosa. Here we present a patient with altered mental status who subsequently developed diarrhea during the course of hospitalization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtypical presentation of pellagra with black urine: A clinical conundrum.
SAGE Open Med Case Rep
July 2024
University Medical Unit, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Kalubowila, Sri Lanka.
Article Synopsis
- - Niacin (Vitamin B3) is vital for energy production, metabolism, and DNA repair, with severe deficiency leading to a condition called pellagra, which can cause dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, and death if untreated.
- - A case involved a 68-year-old woman with symptoms like photosensitive dermatitis and abdominal pain, prompting diagnostic tests that ruled out porphyria cutanea tarda.
- - Ultimately, she was diagnosed with pellagra, and prompt treatment resulted in a complete recovery, highlighting the importance of timely diagnosis and management of this potentially fatal condition.
Case report: Pellagra presentation with dermatitis and dysphagia.
Front Med (Lausanne)
July 2024
School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Article Synopsis
- Pellagra is a disorder resulting from a lack of niacin or tryptophan, causing skin issues like dermatitis and gastrointestinal problems, including glossitis and diarrhea.
- Neurological symptoms can also arise, such as dementia and anxiety, but not all patients exhibit these.
- A case study discusses a woman who showed skin symptoms and difficulty swallowing without diarrhea or neurological signs; she was treated with niacin supplementation and recovered, underscoring the need for awareness in diagnosing pellagra based solely on skin and swallowing issues.
Dementia associated with Pellagra: A rare case report.
Indian J Psychiatry
April 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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