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Arsenic Induces M2 Macrophage Polarization and Shifts M1/M2 Cytokine Production via Mitophagy.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2022
Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
Arsenic is an environmental factor associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Since macrophages play a crucial role in regulating EMT, we studied the effects of arsenic on macrophage polarization. We first determined the arsenic concentrations to be used by cell viability assays in conjunction with previous studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Ion-Translocating NrfD-Like Subunit of Energy-Transducing Membrane Complexes.
Front Chem
April 2021
Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica-António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.
Several energy-transducing microbial enzymes have their peripheral subunits connected to the membrane through an integral membrane protein, that interacts with quinones but does not have redox cofactors, the so-called NrfD-like subunit. The periplasmic nitrite reductase (NrfABCD) was the first complex recognized to have a membrane subunit with these characteristics and consequently provided the family's name: NrfD. Sequence analyses indicate that NrfD homologs are present in many diverse enzymes, such as polysulfide reductase (PsrABC), respiratory alternative complex III (ACIII), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reductase (DmsABC), tetrathionate reductase (TtrABC), sulfur reductase complex (SreABC), sulfite dehydrogenase (SoeABC), quinone reductase complex (QrcABCD), nine-heme cytochrome complex (NhcABCD), group-2 [NiFe] hydrogenase (Hyd-2), dissimilatory sulfite-reductase complex (DsrMKJOP), arsenate reductase (ArrC) and multiheme cytochrome sulfite reductase (MccACD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTannic acid attenuates hepatic oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation by activating the Keap1‑Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in arsenic trioxide‑toxicated rats.
Oncol Rep
November 2020
School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China.
The present study was performed to investigate the protective effects of tannic acid (TA) on liver injury induced by arsenic trioxide (ATO) and to elucidate the mechanism involved as related to the Kelch‑like ECH‑associated protein 1 (Keap1)‑nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. Adult rats were intraperitoneally injected with TA, while ATO was administered 1 h later. On the 11th day, the rats were euthanized to determine any liver histological changes, liver function, and the activities of antioxidant, antiapoptosis and proinflammatory cytokines in the liver.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorganic Arsenic Induces NRF2-Regulated Antioxidant Defenses in Both Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus in Vivo.
Neurochem Res
August 2016
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-Related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110013, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
Inorganic arsenic is reported to induce the reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress, which is supposed to be one of the main mechanisms of arsenic-related neurological diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a master regulator of antioxidant defense systems, up-regulates the expression of target genes to fight against oxidative damages caused by harmful substances, including metals. In the present study, mice were used as a model to investigate the oxidative stress levels and the expressions of NRF2-regulated antioxidant substances in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg NaAsO2 exposure intra-gastrically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntioxidant tert-butylhydroquinone ameliorates arsenic-induced intracellular damages and apoptosis through induction of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses as well as stabilization of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 in human keratinocytes.
Free Radic Biol Med
May 2016
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110013, China. Electronic address:
Unlabelled: Human skin is a known target site of inorganic arsenic with effects ranging from hyperkeratosis to dermal malignancies. Tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), approved food-grade phenolic antioxidant, is demonstrated to induce remarkable antioxidant activity in a variety of cells and tissues. The present study aimed at the protective effects of tBHQ on arsenic-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human keratinocytes.
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