Dynamic mRNA and miRNA expression analysis in response to hypoxia and reoxygenation in the blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala).

Adaptation to hypoxia is a complex process involving various pathways and regulation mechanisms. A better understanding of the genetic influence on these mechanisms could permit selection for hypoxia-sensitive fish. To aid this understanding, an integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression was performed in Megalobrama amblycephala under four acute hypoxia and reoxygenation stages. A number of significantly differentially-expressed miRNAs and genes associated with oxidative stress were identified, and their functional characteristics were revealed by GO function and KEGG pathway analysis. They were found to be involved in HIF-1 pathways known to affect energy metabolism and apoptosis. MiRNA-mRNA interaction pairs were detected from comparison of expression between the four different stages. The function annotation results also showed that many miRNA-mRNA interaction pairs were likely to be involved in regulating hypoxia stress. As a unique resource for gene expression and regulation during hypoxia and reoxygenation, this study could provide a starting point for further studies to better understand the genetic background of hypoxia stress.