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Measles: More than just a rash.
Nursing
December 2024
Dorothy Borton is an independent infection prevention consultant based in Philadelphia, Pa., and a member of the Nursing2024 Editorial Board.
Measles (rubeola) cases and outbreaks have increased worldwide in 2023 and 2024. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the global resurgence of measles cases, highlighting the critical role of vaccination in preventing outbreaks. It also discusses the factors contributing to declining vaccination rates, the implications for public health, and immediate infection control measures in the event of suspected cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaricella zoster meningoencephalitis without exanthem: immunocompetent host.
J Pak Med Assoc
December 2024
Department of Anaesthesiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
In an immunocompetent person, varicella zoster virus (VZV) is an uncommon cause of aseptic meningoencephalitis. Reactivation of the latent varicella zoster virus from nerve infection results in shingles, a condition marked by rash, intense pain, and dermal involvement in immunocompromised hosts. We present an unusual case of a 22-year-old immunocompetent male diagnosed as VZV meningoencephalitis without exanthem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurveillance and agnostic capture sequencing of samples from individuals with rash-associated illness in Mali indicates regional transmission of measles virus from West and Central Africa.
Infect Genet Evol
December 2024
University Clinical Research Center (UCRC), Techniques, and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali.
Measles is vaccine-preventable extremely contagious disease caused by the measles virus. High vaccination coverage is needed to prevent outbreaks of disease. Although molecular surveillance of measles is critical to characterize outbreaks and track viral evolution, few whole-genome sequences of measles virus from West Africa are available despite continual outbreaks in the region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOn April 24, 2023, the American Samoa Department of Health (ASDoH) declared a public health emergency amid concern about a possible measles outbreak given low 2-dose vaccination coverage at the time. ASDoH had received two positive measles immunoglobulin (Ig) M test results after Flag Day festivities 1 week earlier from vaccinated children. ASDoH performed active case finding, took actions to mitigate transmission, and requested technical assistance from CDC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging and re-emerging viral exanthems among children: what a physician should know.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
Viral exanthems can present with diverse morphologies of rash, including macular, maculopapular, papular, urticarial and vesicular, or sometimes a combination of these. There has been an increasing trend towards emerging and re-emerging viral exanthems in recent years, the cause of which is multifactorial, including changing environmental conditions and altered host-vector-agent interaction. The significant temperature variations brought on by climate change and ever-increasing international travel has modified the host-agent interactions, and many re-emerging viral illnesses are now presenting with atypical presentations, including an increased frequency of affliction across broader age groups and heightened manifestations often posing as 'great imitators' mimicking a myriad of other dermatoses.
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