Lung Diseases of the Elderly: Cellular Mechanisms.

Clin Geriatr Med

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue RMSB 7056 (D-60), Miami, FL 33136, USA; DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA. Electronic address:

Published: November 2017

AI Article Synopsis

  • Natural lung aging involves molecular and cellular changes, such as shorter telomeres and signs of cellular aging, which impact various lung cell types.
  • These changes contribute to increased DNA damage, oxidative stress, and loss of stem cell function.
  • The combination of aging and weakened repair mechanisms leads to chronic respiratory diseases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and COPD, influenced by both biological changes and environmental factors.

Article Abstract

Natural lung aging is characterized by molecular and cellular changes in multiple lung cell populations. These changes include shorter telomeres, increased expression of cellular senescence markers, increased DNA damage, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and stem cell exhaustion. Aging, combined with the loss of protective repair processes, correlates with the development and incidence of chronic respiratory diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ultimately, it is the interplay of age-related changes in biology and the subsequent responses to environmental exposures that largely define the physiology and clinical course of the aging lung.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2017.07.001DOI Listing

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