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Comparative analysis of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors/angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction.
Front Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Introduction: To clarify the efficacy of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors/angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (RASI/ARNI) in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF).
Methods: This study assessed the association between these medications and outcomes in HFmrEF using data from the National Taiwan University Hospital-integrated Medical Database. The primary outcome was cardiovascular mortality/heart failure hospitalization (HHF).
Angiotensin 1-7 injected into the rat paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus increases blood pressure and heart rate via various receptors.
Neuropharmacology
December 2024
Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
Although angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7) and its role as a part of the "protective" axis of the renin-angiotensin system are well described in the literature, the mechanisms of its angiotensin II-like pressor and tachycardic effects following its acute central administration are not fully understood. It was the aim of the present study to examine which receptors contribute to the aforementioned cardiovascular effects. Ang 1-7 and antagonists for glutamate, GABA, vasopressin, thromboxane A (TP), α-adrenergic, and P2X purinoceptors or modulators of oxidative stress were injected into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) of urethane-anesthetized male Wistar rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisorders of Volume: Core Curriculum 2025.
Am J Kidney Dis
December 2024
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, Washington.
Historically, the paradigm for all maladies was associated with an imbalance of the 4 humors: blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm. Although our understanding of disease has evolved significantly since the time of Hippocrates, a similar cornerstone of inpatient and ambulatory care involves understanding and correcting imbalances of volume. The kidneys are the principal organs controlling extracellular volume, capable of both sensing and altering salt retention through multiple redundant pathways, including the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersonalized Antifibrotic Therapy in CKD Progression.
J Pers Med
December 2024
Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic disorder characterized by kidney fibrosis and extracellular matrix accumulation that can lead to end-stage kidney disease. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inflammatory cytokines, the TGF-β pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, the Notch pathway, and the NF-κB pathway all play crucial roles in the progression of fibrosis. Current medications, such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, try to delay disease development but do not stop or reverse fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch Progress on Obesity-Associated Kidney Diseases.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao
December 2024
Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery,Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University,Beijing 100050,China.
The pathogenesis of obesity-associated kidney disease (OAKD) involves many aspects,including the overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,insulin resistance,chronic inflammation,disorder of lipid metabolism and imbalance of gut microecology.Treatment strategies for OAKD focus on lifestyle adjustments,pharmacotherapy,bariatric surgery,and fecal microbiota transplantation.A deeper understanding of the hazards of OAKD and its pathogenesis will contribute to the development of personalized and precise strategies for prevention,diagnosis and treatment of OAKD in the future.
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