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Peripheral myelin: From development to maintenance.
J Neurochem
January 2025
Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapies, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Peripheral myelin is synthesized by glial cells called Schwann cells (SCs). SC development and differentiation must be tightly regulated to avoid any pathological consequence affecting peripheral nerve function. Neuropathic symptoms can arise from developmental issues in SCs, as well as in adult life through processes affecting mature SCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStatic and Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity in Parkinson's Disease Patients With Postural Instability and Gait Disorder.
CNS Neurosci Ther
November 2024
Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Aims: The exact cause of the parkinsonism gait remains uncertain. We first focus on understanding the underlying neurological reasons for these symptoms through the examination of both static functional network connectivity (SFNC) and dynamic functional network connectivity (DFNC).
Methods: We recruited 64 postural instability and gait disorder-dominated Parkinson's disease (PIGD-PD) patients, 31 non-PIGD-PD (nPIGD-PD) patients, and 54 healthy controls (HC) from Nanjing Brain Hospital.
Altered gait speed and brain network connectivity in Parkinson's disease.
Cereb Cortex
November 2024
Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37#, Wuhou, Chengdu 610041, China.
Slow gait speed and disrupted brain network connectivity are common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to clarify the relationship between gait speed and clinical characteristics in PD, and explore the underlying brain network mechanisms. Forty-two PD patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were recruited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContrastive signal-dependent plasticity: Self-supervised learning in spiking neural circuits.
Sci Adv
October 2024
Department of Computer Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, 1 Lomb Memorial Dr, Rochester, NY 14623, USA.
Brain-inspired machine intelligence research seeks to develop computational models that emulate the information processing and adaptability that distinguishes biological systems of neurons. This has led to the development of spiking neural networks, a class of models that promisingly addresses the biological implausibility and the lack of energy efficiency inherent to modern-day deep neural networks. In this work, we address the challenge of designing neurobiologically motivated schemes for adjusting the synapses of spiking networks and propose contrastive signal-dependent plasticity, a process which generalizes ideas behind self-supervised learning to facilitate local adaptation in architectures of event-based neuronal layers that operate in parallel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional connectivity compensation in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait.
Eur J Neurosci
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling motor symptom prevalent in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) pattern alterations in PD patients with FOG. A total of 18 PD patients, 10 with FOG (PD-FOG) and 8 without FOG (PD-nFOG), and 10 healthy controls were enrolled.
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