Metabolism
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Published: January 2018
Objective: Autophagy is suppressed in skeletal muscle and the liver with insulin resistance induced by a high-fat diet. Autophagy is essential for maintaining mitochondrial function, and dysfunctional mitochondria are associated with insulin resistance. As carnitine treatment is well known to improve insulin resistance by promoting mitochondrial function, we investigated if carnitine affects autophagy in the skeletal muscle of a high-fat diet-induced rodent model of obesity.
Results: After 6weeks on a high-fat diet (48kcal% fat), mice developed glucose intolerance, and the gastrocnemius muscle showed a decrease in insulin signaling and mitochondrial function, which was reversed after carnitine (100mg/kg/day) treatment by oral gavage for 2weeks. Swollen mitochondria with destroyed cristae were observed in the skeletal muscle of high-fat diet-fed mice but were not there after carnitine treatment. High-fat diet decreased LC3B-II, a marker of autophagosome formation, and increased sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), expression of which was reversed after carnitine treatment. In C2C12 myotubes, prolonged treatment with palmitate suppressed autophagy, which was relieved by carnitine treatment. However, the induction of autophagy by carnitine in C2C12 myotubes was not observed after knock-down of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which is known to regulate autophagy.
Conclusion: We conclude that the removal of dysfunctional mitochondria by induction of autophagy through PPARγ may be a novel mechanism by which carnitine improves insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.09.005 | DOI Listing |
JMIR Res Protoc
January 2025
School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Japan.
Background: The worldwide rise in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases has increased the recognition of the need to identify modifiable risk factors for preventing and managing these diseases. The office worker, as a representative group of physically inactive workers, is exposed to risk factors for metabolic syndrome, which is a primary driver of noncommunicable diseases. The use of virtual reality (VR) exergames may offer a potential solution to the problem of increasing noncommunicable disease prevalence, as it can help individuals increase their physical activity levels while providing a more immersive experience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCent Eur J Public Health
December 2024
Institute of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence in a sample of adolescents, to calculate their continuous metabolic syndrome scores, and to determine the associations of continuous metabolic syndrome score with overweight/obesity and selected cardiometabolic and lifestyle factors.
Methods: We enrolled a sample of 2,590 adolescents (1,180 males, mean age 17.1 ± 1.
Purpose: To gather the current opinion among Italian gynecologists and endocrinologists regarding the definition, diagnosis, and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Method: A Delphi survey consisting of 26 statements was designed by a nine-member panel (consisting of members from the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) and the Experts Group AQon Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS)) and distributed to 102 experts in PCOS across the fields of gynecology and endocrinology. Consensus was defined as an agreement between at least 70% of responders.
J Endocrinol
January 2025
V Dubois, Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Glucocorticoids and androgens affect each other in several ways. In metabolic organs such as adipose tissue and the liver, androgens enhance glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance and promote fat accumulation in male mice. However, the direct contribution of the androgen receptor (AR) to these effects is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To analyze the dynamics of the condition of the mucous membrane in patients with metabolic syndrome at the stage of preparation for dental prosthetics using dental implants.
Material And Methods: 255 patients (151 women and 104 men) aged from 35 to 65 years were examined. 3 groups were formed: 2 study groups and a comparison group.
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!
© LitMetric 2025. All rights reserved.