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BOLD-CSF dynamics assessed using real-time phase contrast CSF flow interleaved with cortical BOLD MRI.
Fluids Barriers CNS
December 2024
C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) motion and pulsatility has been proposed to play a crucial role in clearing brain waste. Although its driving forces remain debated, increasing evidence suggests that large amplitude vasomotion drives such CSF fluctuations. Recently, a fast blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI sequence was used to measure the coupling between CSF fluctuations and low-frequency hemodynamic oscillations in the human cortex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAgathisflavone Modulates Reactive Gliosis After Trauma and Increases the Neuroblast Population at the Subventricular Zone.
Nutrients
November 2024
Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Biofunction, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40231-300, Brazil.
Background: Reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis are coordinated responses to CNS insults and are pathological hallmarks of traumatic brain injury (TBI). In these conditions, persistent reactive gliosis can impede tissue repopulation and limit neurogenesis. Thus, modulating this phenomenon has been increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLRP1-mediated p-tau propagation contributes to cognitive impairment after chronic neuropathic pain in rats.
Neurosci Res
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * In a rat model of TN, researchers observed elevated levels of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-tau) in brain regions related to memory, indicating a potential connection between p-tau and cognitive impairment in these animals.
- * Treating TN rats with methods to block p-tau production improved their learning and memory, suggesting that managing p-tau levels may help mitigate cognitive decline associated with neuropathic pain in TN.
Transcription factors ASCL1 and OLIG2 drive glioblastoma initiation and co-regulate tumor cell types and migration.
Nat Commun
November 2024
Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are highly aggressive, infiltrative, and heterogeneous brain tumors driven by complex genetic alterations. The basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors ASCL1 and OLIG2 are dynamically co-expressed in GBMs; however, their combinatorial roles in regulating the plasticity and heterogeneity of GBM cells are unclear. Here, we show that induction of somatic mutations in subventricular zone (SVZ) progenitor cells leads to the dysregulation of ASCL1 and OLIG2, which then function redundantly and are required for brain tumor formation in a mouse model of GBM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModulation of stress-related behaviour by preproglucagon neurons and hypothalamic projections to the nucleus of the solitary tract.
Mol Metab
November 2024
Florida State University, Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Stress-induced behaviours are driven by complex neural circuits and some neuronal populations concurrently modulate diverse behavioural and physiological responses to stress. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-producing preproglucagon (PPG) neurons within the lower brainstem caudal nucleus of the solitary tract (cNTS) are particularly sensitive to stressful stimuli and are implicated in multiple physiological and behavioural responses to interoceptive and psychogenic threats. However, the afferent inputs driving stress-induced activation of PPG neurons are largely unknown, and the role of PPG neurons in anxiety-like behaviour is controversial.
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