Atypical vascular lesions (AVLs) of the breast are rare cutaneous vascular proliferations that appear as flesh-colored or erythematous papules or macules in women who have undergone radiation treatment for breast carcinoma. These lesions can develop in the irradiated area up to 20 years after the radiation treatment but most commonly occur within 3 to 6 years. The general consensus agrees on the benign nature of AVLs; however, their identity as benign lesions has been a source of controversy over the years, with some investigators proposing that AVLs may be a precursor lesion to postirradiation angiosarcomas. Currently, there are no specific guidelines to direct clinicians on the effective treatment of AVLs, but most AVLs are treated with total excision. This rare case describes the development of 4 AVLs within the same breast and stresses the relevance of the field effect in AVL development as well as the importance of field monitoring.
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Cureus
December 2024
Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, AUS.
The cystic artery is a critical anatomical landmark in both laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy. This report presents a unique case involving two rare anatomical variations: double cystic arteries, along with a superficial branch originating from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) - a previously unreported combination with significant clinical and surgical implications. Unlike earlier studies, this research provides detailed anatomical and embryological insights supported by high-quality imaging and illustrations to guide surgeons in recognizing and managing this novel variation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Case Rep
March 2025
Department of Radiology, Rafidia Surgical Hospital, Nablus, Palestine.
May-Thurner syndrome (MTS), iliac vein compression syndrome, also called Cockett syndrome, is a vascular disease caused by the compression of the left common iliac vein (LCIV) by the right common iliac artery (RCIA) against the lumbar vertebrae. This anatomical defect can lead to venous stasis especially in the left lower limb, and this increases the risk of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Because routine screening is not standard practice, MTS frequently remains asymptomatic, and its prevalence is probably underestimated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Vascular Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, MEX.
The bifurcation of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the most common sites for the formation of cerebral aneurysms, presenting significant challenges for surgical management. A primary concern in this area is the recurrence of aneurysms following surgical clipping, which necessitates a thorough investigation of the contributing factors. This study examined all cases of rebleeding from previously clipped MCA aneurysms among 195 surgically treated patients over an 11-year period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Surg Case Rep
January 2025
Clinical and Surgical Pathologist, Department of Pathology, Chamran Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Introduction And Importance: Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare benign vascular tumor characterized by abnormal endothelial proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration, primarily affecting the head and neck region. The diverse clinical presentations of ALHE pose significant diagnostic challenges, often leading to misdiagnosis. Accurate histopathological examination is crucial for differentiating ALHE from other vascular lesions and guiding appropriate treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Peninsula Health, Melbourne, VIC 3199, Australia.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common skin malignancy, typically occurs in sun-exposed areas but can develop in atypical locations, such as scars, burns, and skin graft donor sites. BCC arising specifically in full-thickness skin graft donor sites is exceptionally rare. This study presents a unique case of BCC occurring 16 years post-graft harvesting and provides a comprehensive literature review to analyze clinical patterns, possible etiopathogenesis, and treatment strategies.
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