Shapes Panicle Architecture through Regulating Pedicel Length.

Front Plant Sci

Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China.

Published: September 2017

AI Article Synopsis

  • The panicle architecture of rice significantly impacts its reproductive success and yield, being mainly influenced by the number and length of its branches.
  • Key genetic factors, including the OsRA2 gene, have been identified as crucial in regulating pedicel length, which in turn affects panicle structure and seed morphology.
  • The study reveals that different genes work in parallel pathways to control branch length and number, highlighting genetic similarities and differences in panicle development between rice and maize.

Article Abstract

The panicle architecture of rice is an important characteristic that influences reproductive success and yield. It is largely determined by the number and length of the primary and secondary branches. The number of panicle branches is defined by the inflorescence meristem state between determinacy and indeterminacy; for example, the maize () mutant has more branches in its tassel through loss of spikelet determinacy. Some genes and factors influencing the number of primary and secondary branches have been studied, but little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying pedicel development, which also influences panicle architecture. We report here that rice () gene modifies panicle architecture through regulating pedicel length. Ectopic expression of resulted in a shortened pedicel while inhibition of through RNA interference produced elongated pedicel. In addition, influenced seed morphology. The OsRA2 protein localized to the nucleus and showed transcriptional activation in yeast; in accordance with its function in pedicel development, mRNA was enriched in the anlagen of axillary meristems, such as primary and secondary branch meristems and the spikelet meristems of young panicles. This indicates a conserved role of for shaping the initial steps of inflorescence architecture. Genetic analysis revealed that may control panicle architecture using the same pathway as that of the axillary meristem gene (). Moreover, acted downstream of in regulating pedicel and branch lengths, but upstream of for control of the number of secondary branches, indicating that branch number and length development in the panicle were respectively regulated using parallel pathway. Functional conservation between and , and the conservation and diversification of in maize and rice are also discussed.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5601049PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01538DOI Listing

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