Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes chronic infection that can manifest disease in many organs. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a common location for CMV disease. This article reviews the signs, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of GI CMV disease.
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Rhesus Cytomegalovirus-encoded Fcγ-binding glycoproteins facilitate viral evasion from IgG-mediated humoral immunity.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Institute of Virology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes four viral Fc-gamma receptors (vFcγRs) that counteract antibody-mediated activation in vitro, but their role in infection and pathogenesis is unknown. To examine their in vivo function in an animal model evolutionarily closely related to humans, we identified and characterized Rh05, Rh152/151 and Rh173 as the complete set of vFcγRs encoded by rhesus CMV (RhCMV). Each one of these proteins displays functional similarities to their prospective HCMV orthologs with respect to antagonizing host FcγR activation in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLetermovir should be first-line cytomegalovirus prophylaxis in lung transplant recipients.
Am J Transplant
January 2025
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Universal cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis is recommended for at-risk lung transplant recipients. Valganciclovir is currently the preferred first-line agent. Valganciclovir-related myelosuppression, however, can lead to drug discontinuation or reduction in anti-metabolite immunosuppression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredicting and optimising outcome for biliary atresia.
Semin Pediatr Surg
January 2025
Dept of Paediatric Surgery, Kings College Hospital, London SE59RS, England, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Biliary atresia (BA) remains a disease of significant morbidity and mortality world-wide. Early and accurate diagnosis facilitates early intervention and improves outcomes. The gold standard in diagnosing BA is a liver biopsy followed by cholangiography, usually performed intra-operatively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTaming the transplant troll: Exploring racial and ethnic disparities in cytomegalovirus infection among kidney transplant patients.
PLoS One
January 2025
Division of Transplant Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America.
Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection poses a significant risk to kidney transplant recipients. This study investigated CMV disease incidence, outcomes, and management challenges in racial and ethnic minority populations following kidney transplantation.
Methods: This single-center, mixed-methods study included a retrospective cohort analysis of kidney transplant recipients (n = 58) and qualitative surveys of healthcare providers.
Predictors of cytomegalovirus infection in patients with connective tissue disease treated by pulsed methylprednisolone therapy: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates predictors of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunosuppressed patients with connective tissue disease undergoing pulsed-methylprednisolone (p-MPSL) therapy.
- It is a retrospective cohort study that analyzed 200 patients' data, identifying key baseline characteristics linked to increased risk of CMV infection, including age, platelet count, lymphocyte count, and specific blood ratio metrics.
- The findings highlight that older age and low blood cell counts significantly elevate the likelihood of CMV antigen positivity, providing insights for risk assessment in similar patient populations.
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