Cysteine and glutathione are able to reduce Cu(ii) coordinated to the peptide amyloidβ, and shuttle the resulting Cu(i) to partially replace Zn(ii) in the protein Zn-metallothionein-3. The released Zn(ii) in turn binds to amyloid-β. Thus cysteine and glutathione are modulators of Cu/Zn-distribution between metallothionein-3 and amyloid-β.
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