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Pluripotent stem cell differentiation reveals distinct developmental pathways regulating lung- versus thyroid-lineage specification. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Researchers have discovered specific signaling pathways needed to differentiate pluripotent stem cells into either lung or thyroid epithelial cells, which has been unclear in past studies.
  • They identified Wnt+BMP signaling as essential for lung specification, while BMP+FGF signaling is necessary for thyroid cells, highlighting a difference in their development.
  • This refined understanding can help create distinct progenitor cells for advanced studies and potential therapies, as these pathways remain consistently recognized across both mice and humans.

Article Abstract

The -directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) through stimulation of developmental signaling pathways can generate mature somatic cell types for basic laboratory studies or regenerative therapies. However, there has been significant uncertainty regarding a method to separately derive lung versus thyroid epithelial lineages, as these two cell types each originate from Nkx2-1 foregut progenitors and the minimal pathways claimed to regulate their distinct lineage specification or have varied in previous reports. Here, we employ PSCs to identify the key minimal signaling pathways (Wnt+BMP versus BMP+FGF) that regulate distinct lung- versus thyroid-lineage specification, respectively, from foregut endoderm. In contrast to most previous reports, these minimal pathways appear to be evolutionarily conserved between mice and humans, and FGF signaling, although required for thyroid specification, unexpectedly appears to be dispensable for lung specification. Once specified, distinct Nkx2-1 lung or thyroid progenitor pools can now be independently derived for functional 3D culture maturation, basic developmental studies or future regenerative therapies.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5702071PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.150193DOI Listing

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