Background: Naringenin, a bioflavonoid present in various species of citrus fruit, tomatoes and grapes, has been shown to have various pharmacological effects. We evaluated the anti-arthritic potential of naringenin in formaldehyde-induced inflammation and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis.
Methods: For both evaluations, rats were divided into groups of six. Different doses of naringenin (5, 10 and 20mg/kg) were used in the models. Body weight and the arthritic index were assessed. Biochemical and antioxidant parameters were determined. Naringenin dose-dependently reduced joint inflammation, decreasing the joint diameter and inflammatory cell infiltration.
Results: Naringenin-treated rats showed an improvement in the synovium redox status (down-regulation of malondialdehyde and glutathione and up-regulation of Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase levels). Naringenin significantly reduced the level of the inflammatory marker TNF-α. Naringenin increased Nrf-2/HO-1 and reduced NF-κB mRNA levels in CFA-treated animal joints. Additionally, naringenin treatment decreased the expression of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-3 and MMP-9), in CFA-induced arthritic rats.
Conclusions: We conclude that naringenin exerts anti-arthritic effects by downregulating NF-κB and activating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.
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Article Synopsis
- Nephrotoxicity is a major issue with tyrosine kinase inhibitors like dasatinib (DASA), which can cause renal tubular cell damage.
- Naringenin (NGN) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and may provide protection against DASA-induced acute kidney injury, as shown in a study where mice pre-treated with NGN had improved kidney function and lower levels of harmful substances after DASA administration.
- NGN was found to reduce oxidative stress, restore antioxidant levels, and decrease inflammation markers, suggesting it may protect kidneys by counteracting the negative effects of DASA.
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