AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study investigates the role of Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11) in aging by comparing GDF11 levels in the skeletal muscles and hippocampi of young and old mice under different physical activity conditions.
  • - Findings reveal that sedentary old mice show higher GDF11 levels in skeletal muscles compared to young mice, while no significant differences are found in the hippocampi across ages.
  • - Physical training enhances long-term potentiation in both age groups and affects GDF11 levels variably: it increases GDF11 in young mice's muscles but reduces it in old mice's hippocampi, suggesting GDF11 as a potential aging biomarker for skeletal muscles.

Article Abstract

The Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11) has been controversially involved in the aging/rejuvenation process. To clarify whether GDF11 is differently expressed during aging, we have evaluated GDF11 levels in skeletal muscles and hippocampi of young and old mice, sedentary or subjected to a 12-weeks triweekly training protocol. The results of real-time PCR and Western blot analyses indicate that skeletal muscles of sedentary old mice express higher levels of GDF11 compared to young animals ( < 0.05). Conversely, in hippocampi no significant differences of GDF11 expression are detected. Analysis of long-term potentiation, a synaptic plasticity phenomenon, reveals that population spikes in response to a tetanic stimulus are significantly higher in sedentary young mice than in old animals ( < 0.01). Training induces a significant improvement of long-term potentiation in both young and old animals ( < 0.05), an increase ( < 0.05) of skeletal muscle GDF11 levels in young mice and a reduction of GDF11 expression in hippocampi of old mice ( < 0.05). Overall, data suggest that GDF11 can be considered an aging biomarker for skeletal muscles. Moreover, physical exercise has a positive impact on long-term potentiation in both young and old mice, while it has variable effects on GDF11 expression depending on age and on the tissue analyzed.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5601628PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.19854DOI Listing

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