In Italy in 2016, acute flaccid myelitis developed in a woman who had received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Enterovirus D68 viral genome was detected in respiratory and cerebrospinal fluid samples, and the viral protein 1 sequence clustered with lineage B3. Immunocompromised adults may be at risk for enterovirus D68-associated neurologic complications.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2310.170792 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is linked to acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), which causes paralysis in children, but the exact cause and effective treatments are still unknown.
- Researchers used newborn mice to study how EV-D68 affects the nervous system, discovering that infected mice developed paralysis and had increased immune responses in their spinal tissue.
- The study suggests that immune cell recruitment to the spinal cord worsens paralytic symptoms, highlighting potential new areas for treatment development.
Clinical characteristics of Chinese children with EV-D68-associated pneumonia: A single-center retrospective analysis.
Pediatr Pulmonol
December 2024
Respiratory Department II, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Background: Human enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) has been associated with an increase in mild-to-severe pediatric respiratory diseases in western countries. However, the prevalence and clinical characteristics of EV-D68-associated pneumonia in China remain understudied.
Methods: Between January 2022 and January 2024, 28 patients with EV-D68-associated pneumonia were enrolled.
Comparison of acute flaccid myelitis and transverse myelitis in children and evaluation of diagnostic criteria.
Eur J Neurol
August 2023
Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Background And Purpose: Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) and transverse myelitis (TM) are serious conditions that may be difficult to differentiate, especially at onset of disease. In this study, we compared clinical features of pediatric AFM and TM and evaluated current diagnostic criteria, aiming to improve early and accurate diagnosis.
Methods: Two cohorts of children with enterovirus D68-associated AFM and clinically diagnosed TM were compared regarding presenting clinical features, additional investigations, and outcome.
Telaprevir Treatment Reduces Paralysis in a Mouse Model of Enterovirus D68 Acute Flaccid Myelitis.
J Virol
May 2023
Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
In 2014, 2016, and 2018, the United States experienced unprecedented spikes in pediatric cases of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), which is a poliomyelitis-like paralytic illness. Accumulating clinical, immunological, and epidemiological evidence has identified enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) as a major causative agent of these biennial AFM outbreaks. There are currently no available FDA-approved antivirals that are effective against EV-D68, and the treatment for EV-D68-associated AFM is primarily supportive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutralizing Antibody Given after Paralysis Onset Reduces the Severity of Paralysis Compared to Nonspecific Antibody-Treated Controls in a Mouse Model of EV-D68-Associated Acute Flaccid Myelitis.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
August 2022
Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) can cause mild to severe respiratory illness and is associated with a poliomyelitis-like paralytic syndrome called acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Most cases of EV-D68-associated AFM occur in young children who are brought to the clinic after the onset of neurologic symptoms. There are currently no known antiviral therapies for AFM, and it is unknown whether antiviral treatments will be effective if initiated after the onset of neurologic symptoms (when patients are likely to present for medical care).
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