AI Article Synopsis
- Gamma-carboxylated proteins require vitamin K for their normal biosynthesis and include key coagulation factors like factor VII, IX, X, and prothrombin.
- These proteins undergo posttranslational modifications, making their production suitable in mammalian cell lines.
- The chapter outlines methods for generating human cell lines to effectively produce these proteins, detailing steps from modifying the cell lines to adapting them for vitamin K use.
Article Abstract
The gamma-carboxylated proteins belong to a family of proteins that depend on vitamin K for normal biosynthesis. The major representative gamma-carboxylated proteins are the coagulation system proteins, for example, factor VII, factor IX, factor X, prothrombin, and proteins C, S, and Z. These molecules have harbored posttranslational modifications, such as glycosylation and gamma-carboxylation, and for this reason they need to be produced in mammalian cell lines. Human cells lines have emerged as the most promising alternative to the production of gamma-carboxylated proteins. In this chapter, the methods to generate human cells as a platform to produce gamma-carboxylated proteins, for example the coagulation factors VII and IX, are presented. From the cell line modification up to the vitamin K adaptation of the produced cells is described in the protocols presented in this chapter.
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