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Impact of hospital-related indicators on healthcare-associated infections and appropriateness of antimicrobial use according to a national dataset.
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December 2024
Department of Public Health Sciences and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent a major threat in Europe. Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are crucial to lower their occurrence, as well as antimicrobial stewardship to ensure appropriate use of antibiotics. Starting from Italian national data, this study aimed at: (i) describing IPC indicators, prevalence of HAIs, antimicrobial use and appropriateness of antibiotic use in Italy; (ii) estimating effects of IPC variables on HAI prevalence and on the proportion of antibiotics without specific reason.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong time series of velocity profiles collected by up-looking acoustic profilers in the westernmost sill of the Strait of Gibraltar show an unexpected pattern in the deepest ∼80 m of the water column, consisting in an appreciable diurnal weakening of the measured horizontal velocity. A harmonic analysis performed on long time series reveals a surprising magnitude of S constituent (exactly 1 cpd of frequency) in the horizontal velocity and echo amplitude, which prevails over the rest of diurnal constituents within this depth range, including K, despite being around 200 times smaller than it in the tide generating potential. High resolution echograms collected by a new instrument recently installed in the mooring line, point at the diel vertical migration of living acoustic scatterers (zooplankton) as the most reasonable cause.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUtility of quantitative measurement of T using restriction spectrum imaging for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer.
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December 2024
Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering, La Jolla, CA, USA.
The Restriction Spectrum Imaging restriction score (RSIrs) has been shown to improve the accuracy for diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) compared to standard DWI. Both diffusion and T properties of prostate tissue contribute to the signal measured in DWI, and studies have demonstrated that each may be valuable for distinguishing csPCa from benign tissue. The purpose of this retrospective study was to (1) determine whether prostate T varies across RSI compartments and in the presence of csPCa, and (2) evaluate whether csPCa detection with RSIrs is improved by acquiring multiple scans at different TEs to measure compartmental T (cT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTunable and ultra-narrowband multifunctional terahertz devices using anisotropic graphene based hyperbolic metamaterials.
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December 2024
Department of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
In this paper, we propose a novel structure of anisotropic graphene-based hyperbolic metamaterial (AGHMM) sandwiched as a defect between two one-dimensional photonic crystals (PCs) in the terahertz (THz) region. The proposed structure is numerically simulated and analyzed using the transfer matrix method, effective medium theory and three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain. The defect layer of AGHMM consists of graphene sheets separated by subwavelength dielectric spacers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHDL-C is inversely associated with the incidence of osteoarthritis among the USA: evidence from the NHANES program of 1999-2020.
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December 2024
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
Osteoarthritis (OA) has been the most common arthritis affecting public health all over the world. Previous experimental research reported that increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, along with decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol may be associated with increased ectopic bone formation and possible knee OA, while clinical evidence is absent. This study aimed to investigate the association between blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and OA.
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