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Autism-Linked Mutations in αδ-1 and αδ-3 Reduce Protein Membrane Expression but Affect Neither Calcium Channels nor Trans-Synaptic Signaling.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
November 2024
Division of Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria.
Background: αδ proteins regulate membrane trafficking and biophysical properties of voltage-gated calcium channels. Moreover, they modulate axonal wiring, synapse formation, and trans-synaptic signaling. Several rare missense variants in CACNA2D1 (coding for αδ-1) and CACNA2D3 (coding for αδ-3) genes were identified in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistinct mechanisms control the specific synaptic functions of Neuroligin 1 and Neuroligin 2.
EMBO Rep
January 2025
Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Neuroligins are postsynaptic cell-adhesion molecules that regulate synaptic function with a remarkable isoform specificity. Although Nlgn1 and Nlgn2 are highly homologous and biochemically interact with the same extra- and intracellular proteins, Nlgn1 selectively functions in excitatory synapses whereas Nlgn2 functions in inhibitory synapses. How this excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) specificity arises is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDopaminergic signaling to ventral striatum neurons initiates sniffing behavior.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Florida Chemical Senses Institute, Center for Addiction Research and Education; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Sniffing is a motivated behavior displayed by nearly all terrestrial vertebrates. While sniffing is associated with acquiring and processing odors, sniffing is also intertwined with affective and motivated states. The systems which influence the display of sniffing are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDorsomedial Striatum CB1R signaling promotes Pavlovian devaluation sensitivity in male Long Evans rats and reduces DMS inhibitory synaptic transmission in both sexes.
eNeuro
January 2025
Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21201.
Cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) signaling in the dorsal striatum regulates the shift from flexible to habitual behavior in instrumental outcome devaluation. Based on prior work establishing individual, sex, and experience-dependent differences in Pavlovian behaviors, we predicted a role for dorsomedial striatum (DMS) CB1R signaling in driving rigid responding in Pavlovian autoshaping and outcome devaluation. We trained male and female Long Evans rats in Pavlovian Lever Autoshaping (PLA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVariable and slow-paced neural dynamics in HVC underlie plastic song production in juvenile zebra finches.
BMC Neurosci
December 2024
Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner-Str., 82319, Seewiesen, Germany.
Zebra finches undergo a gradual refinement of their vocalizations, transitioning from variable juvenile songs to the stereotyped song of adulthood. To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying song crystallization-a critical phase in this developmental process-we performed intracellular recordings in HVC (a premotor nucleus essential for song learning and production) of juvenile birds. We then compared these recordings to previously published electrophysiological data from adult birds.
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