AI Article Synopsis
- Vaginal blood loss in children has many potential causes, including irritation, trauma, tumors, foreign bodies, and sexual abuse, making diagnosis challenging.
- A case involving a 3-year-old girl with vaginal bleeding and a mass revealed embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma after a biopsy; standard treatments led to successful remission.
- Rhabdomyosarcoma is rare and often presents with atypical symptoms, so early detection is crucial for effective treatment; it should be considered in cases of abnormal vaginal bleeding in children.
Article Abstract
Background: The differential diagnosis of vaginal blood loss in childhood is broad, and includes irritation of the mucous membranes, trauma, tumours, foreign bodies and sexual abuse. Physical and additional examination is often initially difficult; however, prompt detection of a rhabdomyosarcoma, a soft-tissue tumour principally diagnosed in childhood, is vitally important.
Case Description: A 3-year-old girl with a history of vaginal blood loss and an introital mass was referred to the gynaecologist. Treatment with oestriol and triamcinolone cream did not lead to healing. Pathological examination of a biopsy taken under general anaesthetic indicated an embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma. Chemotherapy, surgical resection and brachytherapy lead to persistent remission of the tumour.
Conclusion: Because rhabdomyosarcoma is rare and can present atypically, diagnosis can be delayed. Early recognition is, however, essential and this condition should be placed high in the differential diagnosis by vaginal blood loss or vaginal abnormality in childhood.
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