Is there a relationship between blood lipids and lumbar disc herniation in young Turkish adults?

Introduction: Atherosclerosis might diminish the nutrient supply to intervertebral discs (IVD), leading to disc herniation. Therefore, there is interest in determining the possible association between the blood lipid profile and lumbar disc herniation (LDH). We aimed to evaluate the association between blood lipids and LDH in a homogeneous group of patients, controlling for age- and sex-specific effects.

Material And Methods: This is a case-control study which consisted of 100 individuals (mean age: 41.25 ±9.09; 50 men and 50 women), classified into two groups, as follows. Group I (G-I) consisted of 50 patients who underwent surgery for symptomatic LDH, while group II (G-II) consisted of 50 patients with nonspecific complaints of a headache, but with no previous history of back and/or leg pain, recruited among patients admitted to the outpatient clinic at the time of the study, and whose age and sex were matched to the study group. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose, and hemoglobin A levels were measured. The TC/HDL-C ratio was calculated. Blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index, and the history of smoking were included in the analysis.

Results: The mean values of the TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C levels and TC/HDL-C ratio were 198.38, 132.76, 131.9, 40.38 mg/dl and 5.09, respectively. No statistically significant relationship between the blood lipid profile and LDH was identified in this population.

Conclusions: Blood lipid levels in this young adult Turkish population did not predict LDH, and may not be a leading cause of IVD ischemia and IVD degeneration.