Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3122
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
In ∼50% of prostate cancers, chromosomal rearrangements cause the fusion of the promoter and 5'-UTR of the androgen-regulated (, ) gene to the open reading frame of , encoding an ETS family transcription factor. This fusion results in expression of full-length or N-terminally truncated ERG protein in prostate epithelia. ERG is not expressed in normal prostate epithelia, but when expressed, it promotes tumorigenesis via altered gene expression, stimulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cellular migration/invasion, and transformation. However, limited knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of ERG function in prostate cells has hampered efforts to therapeutically target ERG. ERK-mediated phosphorylation of ERG is required for ERG functions in prostate cells, but the reason for this requirement is unknown. Here, we report a mechanism whereby ERK-mediated phosphorylation of ERG at one serine residue causes a conformational change that allows ERK phosphorylation at a second serine residue, Ser-96. We found that the Ser-96 phosphorylation resulted in dissociation of EZH2 and SUZ12, components of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), transcriptional activation of ERG target genes, and increased cell migration. Conversely, loss of ERG phosphorylation at Ser-96 resulted in recruitment of EZH2 across the ERG-cistrome and a genome-wide loss of ERG-mediated transcriptional activation and cell migration. In conclusion, our findings have identified critical molecular mechanisms involving ERK-mediated ERG activation that could be exploited for therapeutic intervention in ERG-positive prostate cancers.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5655502 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M117.796458 | DOI Listing |
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