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TOS UK (Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, United Kingdom): A Retrospective Review of Practice.
Ann Vasc Surg
January 2025
Black Country Vascular Network, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, UK.
Objective: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is caused by compression of the neurovascular bundle at the thoracic outlet which often poses a diagnostic challenge. Patient management is often based on surgeon choice and experience. This study aims to describe practices relating to the diagnosis and management of TOS in the UK over a 1-year period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCentral Nervous System Response Against Ionizing Radiation Exposure: Cellular, Biochemical, and Molecular Perspectives.
Mol Neurobiol
January 2025
Radiation Biotechnology Department, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
Gamma radiation is known to induce several detrimental effects on the nervous system. The hippocampus region, specifically the dentate gyrus (DG) and subventricular zone (SVZ), have been identified as a radiation-sensitive neurogenic niche. Radiation alters the endogenous redox status of neural stem cells (NSCs) and other proliferative cells, especially in the hippocampus region, leading to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cell death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBilateral Renal Fungal Bezoars and Perinephric Abscess in an Infant With Arthrogryposis-Renal Dysfunction-Cholestasis Syndrome: A Clinico-pathologic Case Report.
Pediatr Dev Pathol
January 2025
Département d'Anatomie et Cytologie pathologiques, Hôpital Menzel Bourguiba, Menzel Bourguiba, Tunisia.
The patients with Arthrogryposis-Renal dysfunction-Cholestasis (ARC) syndrome have genetic susceptibility to the opportunistic infections due to the involvement of VPS33B (vacuolar protein sorting 33 homolog B) in phagolysosome fusion in macrophages. Detailed pathologic studies in ARC patients are missing in literature due to the lack of autopsy. We described the first autopsy case of ARC syndrome in a 2-month-old male infant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplex Regional Pain Syndrome: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment Approaches.
Cureus
December 2024
Neurosurgery, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, BRA.
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition characterized by significant sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction, often following trauma or nerve injury. Historically known as causalgia and reflex sympathetic dystrophy, CRPS manifests as severe, disproportionate pain, often accompanied by hyperalgesia, allodynia, trophic changes, and motor impairments. Classified into type I (without nerve injury) and type II (associated with nerve damage), CRPS exhibits a complex pathophysiology involving peripheral and central sensitization, neurogenic inflammation, maladaptive brain plasticity, and potential autoimmune and psychological influences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysregulation of REST and its target genes impacts the fate of neural progenitor cells in down syndrome.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Increasing shreds of evidence suggest that neurogenic-to-gliogenic shift may be critical to the abnormal neurodevelopment observed in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). REST, the Repressor Element-1 Silencing Transcription factor, regulates the differentiation and development of neural cells. Downregulation of REST may lead to defects in post-differentiation neuronal morphology in the brain of the DS fetal.
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