Background: Cellular senescence due to genomic instability is believed to be one of the mechanisms causing health problems in diabetes mellitus (DM). Low methylation levels of Alu elements or Alu hypomethylation, an epigenomic event causing genomic instability, were commonly found in aging people and patients with aging phenotypes, such as osteoporosis.
Results: We investigate Alu methylation levels of white blood cells of type 2 DM, pre-DM, and control. The DM group possess the lowest Alu methylation ( < 0.001, < 0.0001 adjusted age). In the DM group, Alu hypomethylation is directly correlated with high fasting blood sugar, HbA1C, and blood pressure.
Conclusion: Genome-wide hypomethylation may be one of the underlining mechanisms causing genomic instability in type 2 DM. Moreover, Alu methylation levels may be a useful biomarker for monitoring cellular senescence in type 2 DM patients.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5580285 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13148-017-0395-6 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
An appropriate DNA input for bisulfite conversion reveals LINE-1 and Alu hypermethylation in tissues and circulating cell-free DNA from cancers.
PLoS One
January 2025
Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
The autonomous and active Long-Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1, L1) and the non-autonomous Alu retrotransposon elements, contributing to 30% of the human genome, are the most abundant repeated sequences. With more than 90% of their sequences being methylated in normal cells, these elements undeniably contribute to the global DNA methylation level and constitute a major part of circulating-cell-free DNA (cfDNA). So far, the hypomethylation status of LINE-1 and Alu in cellular and extracellular DNA has long been considered a prevailing hallmark of ageing-related diseases and cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRetrotransposons and Diabetes Mellitus.
Epigenomes
September 2024
Department of Endocrinology, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
Retrotransposons are invasive genetic elements, which replicate by copying and pasting themselves throughout the genome in a process called retrotransposition. The most abundant retrotransposons by number in the human genome are Alu and LINE-1 elements, which comprise approximately 40% of the human genome. The ability of retrotransposons to expand and colonize eukaryotic genomes has rendered them evolutionarily successful and is responsible for creating genetic alterations leading to significant impacts on their hosts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlu methylation level, morphological, and senescence changes during in vitro aging of human dental pulp stem cells.
Tissue Cell
October 2024
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, 1st Building, 34 Henri-Dunant Rd., Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Electronic address:
Introduction: Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are pivotal in tissue engineering and cell-based therapies due to their significant differentiation potential and accessibility. A major challenge in in vitro cell expansion is their replicative senescence, which impacts their regeneration and differentiation capabilities. While genetic factors influence these processes, epigenetic regulations such as Alu methylation also play crucial roles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDNA Methylation Demonstrates Bronchoalveolar Cell Senescence in People Living with HIV: An Observational Cohort Study.
Biomedicines
June 2024
Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
Background: DNA methylation may be a link between HIV, aging, and the increased risk of lung comorbidities. We investigated whether bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells of people living with HIV (PLWH) demonstrate epigenetic disruptions and advanced epigenetic aging.
Methods: BAL cell DNA methylation from 25 PLWH and 16 HIV-uninfected individuals were tested for differential methylation of Alu and LINE-1 sites, markers of aging.
Epigenetic processes involved in response to pesticide exposure in human populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Environ Epigenet
April 2024
Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Vilela, 1331, B. Dr. Paulo Prata, Barretos, SP 14784-390, Brazil.
In recent decades, the use of pesticides in agriculture has increased dramatically. This has resulted in these substances being widely dispersed in the environment, contaminating both exposed workers and communities living near agricultural areas and via contaminated foodstuffs. In addition to acute poisoning, chronic exposure to pesticides can lead to molecular changes that are becoming better understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!