Soluble microbial products, consisting of protein, carbohydrate and humics, are generally considered as the main membrane foulants during the performance of membrane bioreactors. Nitrate and nitrite have been proved to affect the determination of carbohydrate when anthrone-sulfuric acid photometric method is used. In this study, three chemical analytical methods based on photometric assay, including the standard curve method, conventional standard addition method and H-point standard addition method, were assessed for the quantification of carbohydrate in order to reduce the interference. Three methods were carried out for both artificial and real wastewater sample analysis. The results indicated a significant amount of matrix interference, which could be eliminated through the use of H-point standard addition. This study proposed the H-point standard addition method as a more accurate and convenient option for carbohydrate determination.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.224 | DOI Listing |
J Osteopath Med
January 2025
Director of Medical Education, OhioHealth/Doctors Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
Context: With the advent of the Single Accreditation System (SAS) within the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), few programs have achieved Osteopathic Recognition (OR) status to date. OR is an accreditation that graduate medical education (GME) programs can achieve to distinctly acknowledge the additional focus on osteopathic training. There is an effort by national osteopathic organizations to determine barriers for programs to achieve OR and what innovative methods might help overcome them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCad Saude Publica
January 2025
Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
This study aimed to evaluate the overall excess mortality and COVID-19 mortality in the regions of Brazil, in 2020, by sex and age group. An ecological study was carried out to calculate the overall excess mortality, by sex and age group, using the expected number of deaths in a non-pandemic context and the deaths observed in 2020. Data on deaths were extracted from the Brazilian Mortality Information System, in addition to population data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Bras Enferm
January 2025
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Objective: to comparatively analyze the health, education and social development systems of Brazil and Portugal, their relationship with the Sustainable Development Goals and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development averages.
Method: exploratory and descriptive qualitative research, through documentary analysis. The indicators address health, education and social development, considering life expectancy, mortality, prevalence of chronic diseases, literacy, educational performance and poverty rates.
Rev Col Bras Cir
January 2025
- Universidade de São Paulo, Anestesiologia - São Paulo - SP - Brasil.
We discuss the arguments exposed in the Letter to the Editor "Reflections on the Inclusion of Direct-Care Physicians as Educators in Community Hospitals", exploring the teaching competencies necessary for community preceptors in the context of medical education, highlighting the growing responsibility of these professionals in the training of future physicians in health-deprived regions. From a narrative review, we analyze faculty development (FD) programs, emphasizing their importance in improving teaching skills, creating support networks, and providing personalized content for specific challenges. Among the competence domains identified are teaching skills, evaluation criteria, professionalism, communication, and leadership/management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
Background: To study the efficacy and safety of Polyethylene glycolated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) in the prevention of neutropenia during concurrent chemoradiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
Methods: This is a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled study conducted from June 1, 2021, to October 31, 2022 on patients diagnosed with locally advanced NPC. Participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group.
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