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Orbitofrontal Cortex Mediates Sustained Basolateral Amygdala Encoding of Cued Reward-Seeking States.
J Neurosci
November 2024
Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455
Article Synopsis
- BLA neurons actively respond to emotionally significant stimuli and their activity changes with training during reward-seeking tasks under uncertainty.
- As the rats learned the association between cues and rewards, BLA neurons showed sustained activity that correlated with behavior, indicating that they play a critical role in processing cues related to rewards.
- Inactivation of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) affected BLA activity and reduced the motivation for reward seeking, suggesting that BLA's cue-driven activity is influenced by cortical input and is essential for ongoing reward-seeking behavior.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing interneurons modulate the effect of behavioral state on cortical activity.
Front Cell Neurosci
September 2024
Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
Animals live in a complex and changing environment with various degrees of behavioral demands. Behavioral states affect the activity of cortical neurons and the dynamics of neuronal populations, however not much is known about the cortical circuitry behind the modulation of neuronal activity across behavioral states. Here we show that a class of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons that express vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing interneurons (VIP), namely VIP interneurons, play a key role in the circuits involved in the modulation of cortical activity by behavioral state, as reflected in the mice facial motion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscriptomic Correlates of State Modulation in GABAergic Interneurons: A Cross-Species Analysis.
J Neurosci
October 2024
Modelling of Cognitive Processes, Technical University of Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
GABAergic inhibitory interneurons comprise many subtypes that differ in their molecular, anatomical, and functional properties. In mouse visual cortex, they also differ in their modulation with an animal's behavioral state, and this state modulation can be predicted from the first principal component (PC) of the gene expression matrix. Here, we ask whether this link between transcriptome and state-dependent processing generalizes across species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation improves memory behavior in an ADHD rat model by modulating cortical functional network connectivity.
Neuroimage
October 2024
School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Working memory issues in ADHD are linked to abnormal connections in the brain's cortical functional networks (CFNC) among various regions like the frontal and temporal cortices.
- Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) has potential to improve memory behavior in ADHD due to its non-invasive and high-resolution nature.
- The study found that TUS enhances working memory in ADHD rats by improving how information is transmitted and processed in the CFNC, revealing important mechanisms for addressing working memory impairments in ADHD.
Environmental context sculpts spatial and temporal visual processing in thalamus.
bioRxiv
July 2024
Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Behavioral state modulates neural activity throughout the visual system; this is largely due to changes in arousal that alter internal brain state. However, behaviors are constrained by the external environmental context, so it remains unclear if this context itself dictates the regime of visual processing, apart from ongoing changes in arousal. Here, we addressed this question in awake head-fixed mice while they passively viewed visual stimuli in two different environmental contexts: either a cylindrical tube, or a circular running wheel.
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