Purpose: Existing knowledge about the appearance, thickness, and chemical composition of phosphate coatings on titanium inside porous structures is insufficient. Such knowledge is important for the design and fabrication of porous implants.
Methods: Metallic scaffolds were fabricated by selective laser melting of 316L stainless steel powder. Phosphate coatings were deposited on Ti sensors placed either outside the scaffolds or in the holes in the scaffolds. The electrochemically-assisted cathodic deposition of phosphate coatings was performed under galvanostatic conditions in an electrolyte containing the calcium and phosphate ions. The phosphate deposits were microscopically investigated; this included the performance of mass weight measurements and chemical analyses of the content of Ca2+ and 24 PO ions after the dissolution of deposits.
Results: The thicknesses of the calcium phosphate coatings were about 140 and 200 nm for isolated titanium sensors and 170 and 300 nm for titanium sensors placed inside pores. Deposition of calcium phosphate occurred inside the pores up to 150 mm below the scaffold surface. The deposits were rich in Ca, with a Ca/P ratio ranging from 2 to 2.5.
Conclusions: Calcium phosphate coatings can be successfully deposited on a Ti surface inside a model scaffold. An increase in cathodic current results in an increase in coating thickness. Any decrease in the cathodic current inside the porous structure is slight. The calcium phosphate inside the pores has a much higher Ca/P ratio than that of stoichiometric HAp, likely due to a gradual increase in Ca fraction with distance from the surface.
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Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Materials Engineering Group, Golpayegan College of Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Golpayegan 87717-67498, Iran.
3D printing, as a layer-by-layer manufacturing technique, enables the customization of tissue engineering scaffolds. Surface modification of biomaterials is a beneficial approach to enhance the interaction with living cells and tissues. In this research, a polylactic acid/polyethylene glycol scaffold containing 30 % bredigite nanoparticles (PLA/PEG/B) was fabricated utilizing fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing.
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January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea.
The differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is a promising approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and regenerative medicine. Dual-SMAD inhibition using small molecules has been identified as a key strategy for directing the differentiation of hiPSCs into NPCs by regulating specific cell signaling pathways. However, conventional culture methods are time-consuming and exhibit low differentiation efficiency in neural differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Endod J
January 2025
Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Aim: 3D-printed scaffolds loaded with healing directed agents could be employed for better treatment outcome in regenerative dentistry. The aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize simple 3D-printed poly lactic acid (PLA) scaffolds coated with nanoHydroxyapatite (nHA), Naringin (NAR), or their combination, and testing their morphological, chemical, mechanical, antibacterial, biocompatible and bioactive properties.
Methodology: Two variants pore sizes, 300 and 700 μm, of 3D-printed PLA disc scaffolds measuring (10 × 1 mm) were fabricated.
Langmuir
January 2025
Department of Physics, Chair of Biophysics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, Erlangen 92054, Germany.
The term "aerophilic surface" is used to describe superhydrophobic surfaces in the Cassie-Baxter wetting state that can trap air underwater. To create aerophilic surfaces, it is essential to achieve a synergy between a low surface energy coating and substrate surface roughness. While a variety of techniques have been established to create surface roughness, the development of rapid, scalable, low-cost, waste-free, efficient, and substrate-geometry-independent processes for depositing low surface energy coatings remains a challenge.
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February 2025
Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.
Immunotherapy is a cornerstone in cancer treatment, celebrated for its precision, ability to eliminate residual cancer cells, and potential to avert tumor recurrence. Nonetheless, its effectiveness is frequently undermined by the immunosuppressive milieu created by tumors. This study presents a novel nanogel-based drug delivery system, DOX-4PI@CpG@Lipo@Gel (DPCLG), engineered to respond to Matrix Metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2)-a protease abundant in the tumor microenvironment (TME).
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