Study of Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Clinical, Hormonal and Metabolic Profile of the PCOS Women.

Introduction: Insulin resistance is one of the most common features of polycystic ovary syndrome, and some studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency may have role in insulin resistance.

Objective: To study the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the clinical, hormonal and metabolic profile of the PCOS women.

Study Design: Randomized, placebo-controlled, interventional, double-blind study.

Materials And Methods: PCOS women were evaluated and enrolled after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were randomized by block randomization with sealed envelope system done in two groups. In the study group ( = 25), patients were supplemented with vitamin D 60,000 IU weekly for 12 weeks, whereas control group ( = 25) was given placebo weekly for the same period. Both the groups were compared pre- and post-supplementation for variables like clinical profile, biochemical profile and metabolic profile. Statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS program for Windows, version 10.1 (SPSS, Chicago, IL).

Result: In the study ( = 50), PCOS patients were enrolled; 34 patients (68%) were vitamin D deficient (≤20 ng/ml) out of which 10 patients (29%) were severely deficient (<10 ng/ml). Twelve patients (24%) were vitamin D insufficient showing high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the PCOS women. The difference in mean serum fasting glucose pre- and post-supplementation of vitamin D in study group was found to be statistically significant with value of 0.041. There was significant difference seen in insulin resistance (IR) (2.38 ± 4.88-1.00 ± 0.58,  = 0.003), serum fasting insulin (10.34 ± 20.00-5.00 ± 3.25,  = 0.021), and increase in insulin sensitivity determined by QUICKI (0.37 ± 0.04-0.394 ± 0.009,  = 0.001) after supplementation with vitamin D.

Conclusion: The study concluded that there was a beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation on ovulatory dysfunctions and blood pressure. Post-supplementation, there were decrease in insulin resistance and increase in insulin sensitivity. In the study decreased serum fasting insulin level and fasting blood sugar after vitamin D supplementation suggest underlying role of vitamin D in glucose homeostasis.