AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: The objective of our study was to clinically and etiologically investigate acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in Finland. Our study also aimed to evaluate the clinical use of various methods in diagnosing respiratory infections under field conditions and to describe the antimicrobial resistance profile of the main bacterial pathogen(s) found during the study.
Methods: A total of 20 case herds having finishing pigs showing acute respiratory symptoms and eight control herds showing no clinical signs suggesting of respiratory problems were enrolled in the study. Researchers visited each herd twice, examining and bleeding 20 pigs per herd. In addition, nasal swab samples were taken from 20 pigs and three pigs per case herd were necropsied during the first visit. Serology was used to detect (APP), swine influenza virus (SIV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) and antibodies. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to investigate the presence of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in serum and SIV in the nasal and lung samples. Pathology and bacteriology, including antimicrobial resistance determination, were performed on lung samples obtained from the field necropsies.
Results: According to the pathology and bacteriology of the lung samples, APP and were the main causes of respiratory outbreaks in 14 and three herds respectively, while the clinical signs in three other herds had a miscellaneous etiology. SIV, APP and PCV2 caused concurrent infections in certain herds but they were detected serologically or with PCR also in control herds, suggesting possible subclinical infections. APP was isolated from 16 (80%) case herds. Marked resistance was observed against tetracycline for APP, some resistance was detected against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin and penicillin, and no resistance against florfenicol, enrofloxacin, tulathromycin or tiamulin was found. Serology, even from paired serum samples, gave inconclusive results for acute APP infection diagnosis.
Conclusions: APP was the most common cause for acute respiratory outbreaks in our study. SIV, , PCV2 and certain opportunistic bacteria were also detected during the outbreaks; however, viral pathogens appeared less important than bacteria. Necropsies supplemented with microbiology were the most efficient diagnostic methods in characterizing the studied outbreaks.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5568250 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40813-017-0065-2 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Diffuse Axonal and Vascular Pathology in the Gyrencephalic Brain after High-Energy Blunt Injury: Clinicopathological Correlations Involving the Brainstem.
J Neurotrauma
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) after high-energy, behind helmet blunt trauma (BHBT) is an important but poorly understood clinical entity often associated with apnea and death in humans. In this study, we use a swine model of high-energy BHBT to characterize key neuropathologies and their association with acute respiratory decompensation. Animals with either stable or critical vital signs were euthanized within 4 h after injury for neuropathological assessment, with emphasis on axonal and vascular pathologies in the brainstem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCOVID-19 Pneumonia Diagnosed by Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, With CD4 T-cell Depletion Contributing to Prolonged Infection: Two Case Reports.
Cureus
November 2024
Internal Medicine, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, JPN.
Irrespective of the underlying disease, patients treated with cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) antibodies have a higher risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) long or severe infection, and there are pitfalls in this diagnosis. We herein report two patients with COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) during lymphoma remission. Nasopharyngeal swabs (NSs) were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-negative for SARS-CoV-2, and the virus was only detectable in the lungs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiocompatible Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Display Antiviral Activity Against Two Different Respiratory Viruses in Mice.
Int J Nanomedicine
December 2024
Department of Immunology, Oncology and Nanobiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
Background: Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are among the most important causes of viral respiratory tract infections, causing similar symptoms. IAV and SARS-CoV-2 infections can provoke mild symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, loss of taste or smell, or they may cause more severe consequences leading to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome or even death. While treatments for IAV and SARS-CoV-2 infection are available, IAV antivirals often target viral proteins facilitating the emergence of drug-resistant viral variants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSaline nebulizers in treatment of bronchiolitis.
J Family Med Prim Care
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Aliasghar Clinical Research Development Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Introduction: This study was conducted to assess the response to treatment and compare the effects of nebulized normal saline 0.9% and hypertonic saline 3% in the management of acute bronchiolitis, a condition associated with multiple complications in pediatric patients.
Materials And Methods: In this clinical trial, a total of 60 children diagnosed with viral bronchiolitis in the autumn and winter of 2018 at Ali Asghar Children's Hospital's emergency department were enrolled.
Unveiling risk factors for post-COVID-19 syndrome development in people with type 2 diabetes.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Introduction: Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection-associated chronic condition characterized by long-term violations of physical and mental health. People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at high risk for severe COVID-19 and PCS.
Aim: The current study aimed to define the predictors of PCS development in people with T2D for further planning of preventive measures and improving patient outcomes.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!