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The high-quality genome of Brassica napus cultivar 'ZS11' reveals the introgression history in semi-winter morphotype. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Allotetraploid oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important crop, showing a wide variety of forms due to human cultivation and breeding that enhance its agronomic traits and adaptability.
  • Researchers conducted a genome analysis of the Asian semi-winter cultivar 'ZS11', comparing it with the winter-type 'Darmor-bzh' and two progenitors, using advanced sequencing techniques to produce a high-quality genome assembly.
  • The study found that while 'ZS11' and 'Darmor-bzh' share significant genomic similarities, they also exhibit distinct genetic differences shaped by historical introgressions, particularly affecting traits like flowering time and providing insights into the genetic diversity and cultivation history of oilseed rape in Asia.

Article Abstract

Allotetraploid oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an agriculturally important crop. Cultivation and breeding of B. napus by humans has resulted in numerous genetically diverse morphotypes with optimized agronomic traits and ecophysiological adaptation. To further understand the genetic basis of diversification and adaptation, we report a draft genome of an Asian semi-winter oilseed rape cultivar 'ZS11' and its comprehensive genomic comparison with the genomes of the winter-type cultivar 'Darmor-bzh' as well as two progenitors. The integrated BAC-to-BAC and whole-genome shotgun sequencing strategies were effective in the assembly of repetitive regions (especially young long terminal repeats) and resulted in a high-quality genome assembly of B. napus 'ZS11'. Within a short evolutionary period (~6700 years ago), semi-winter-type 'ZS11' and the winter-type 'Darmor-bzh' maintained highly genomic collinearity. Even so, certain genetic differences were also detected in two morphotypes. Relative to 'Darmor-bzh', both two subgenomes of 'ZS11' are closely related to its progenitors, and the 'ZS11' genome harbored several specific segmental homoeologous exchanges (HEs). Furthermore, the semi-winter-type 'ZS11' underwent potential genomic introgressions with B. rapa (A ). Some of these genetic differences were associated with key agronomic traits. A key gene of A03.FLC3 regulating vernalization-responsive flowering time in 'ZS11' was first experienced HE, and then underwent genomic introgression event with A , which potentially has led to genetic differences in controlling vernalization in the semi-winter types. Our observations improved our understanding of the genetic diversity of different B. napus morphotypes and the cultivation history of semi-winter oilseed rape in Asia.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13669DOI Listing

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