Thiamethoxam (TMX) belongs to a class of neuro-active insecticides referred as neonicotinoids, while actara (AC) is one of the most popular TMX-based products in Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mutagenic, recombinogenic and carcinogenic potential of TMX and AC insecticides. The mutagenic and recombinogenic effect of TMX and AC were evaluated in vivo by the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) while carcinogenic effects were evaluated through the Test for Detection of Epithelial Tumor Clones (wts test), both in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. In the SMART, third instar larvae from standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses were treated with different concentrations of TMX and AC (2.4; 4.8; 9.7 × 10 mM and 1.9 × 10 mM). The results revealed mutagenic effects at the highest concentrations tested in the HB cross. In the test for the detection of epithelial tumor, third instar larvae resulting from the cross between wts/TM3, Sb virgin females and mwh/mwh males were treated with the same concentrations of TMX and AC used in the SMART. No carcinogenic effect was observed at any of the concentrations tested. In this work, the inhibition of the mechanism of repair by homologous recombination was observed in flies exposed to 9.7 × 10 and 1.9 × 10 mM of AC. In conclusion, TMX and AC demonstrated to be a promutagen in the highest concentrations tested.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.108 | DOI Listing |
PNAS Nexus
March 2024
Department of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands.
A practical and powerful approach for genome editing in plants is delivery of CRISPR reagents via transformation. The double-strand break (DSB)-inducing enzyme is expressed from a transferred segment of bacterial DNA, the T-DNA, which upon transformation integrates at random locations into the host genome or is captured at the self-inflicted DSB site. To develop efficient strategies for precise genome editing, it is thus important to define the mechanisms that repair CRISPR-induced DSBs, as well as those that govern random and targeted integration of T-DNA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicology
December 2023
N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24, Kashirskoe sh., 115478 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address:
Chronic inflammation is associated with malignant transformation and creates the microenvironment for tumor progression. Cyclophilin A (CypA) is one of the major pro-inflammatory mediators that accumulates and persists in the site of inflammation in high doses over time. According to multiomics analyses of transformed cells, CypA is widely recognized as a pro-oncogenic factor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
October 2022
Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, Brazil.
Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men worldwide. The treatment of advanced cases is based on chemotherapy, which lacks specificity and efficacy, due to severe side effects and resistance to the traditional drugs. Copper complexes have shown antitumoral efficacy and low toxicity, being considered a promising class of metal-based drugs for the treatment of malignant neoplasms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Microbiol
August 2022
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Str., 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
The present study aims to analyze the effect of apricot kernels' extract (AKE) and amygdalin (AMY) on bleomycin-induced genetic alternations. Five endpoints were analyzed: cell survival, Ty1 retrotransposition, mitotic gene conversion in the trp-5 locus, reverse point mutations in ilv1-92 allele, and mitotic crossing-over in the ade2 locus. The present work provides the first experimental evidence that bleomycin induces Ty1 retrotransposition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Toxicol Environ Health A
October 2022
Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey.
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a naturally occurring calcium phosphate mineral predominantly used for its biocompatibility in a number of areas such as bone grafting, prosthesis coating in dentistry, and targeted drug delivery. Since the nano form of HAp (nHAp) has gained popularity attributed to a re-mineralizing effect in dental repair procedures, concerns have been raised over safety and biocompatibility of these nanoparticles (NP). This study, therefore, aimed to (1) investigate mechanisms of potential genotoxicity and enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) initiated by bulk and nano forms of HAp and (2) test whether resveratrol, a type of natural phenol, might mitigate the extent of potential DNA damage.
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