A case of symptomatic spinal dural arteriovenous fistula after high-volume lumbar puncture.

Background: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are rare lesions that lead to venous congestion and ischemic injury resulting in neurologic deterioration. Here we present a patient diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) who became symptomatic from a spinal DAVF after a diagnostic high-volume lumbar puncture (LP).

Case Description: When a 72-year-old female developed partial seizures in her left upper extremity without other focal neurological deficits, she underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain. The MRI revealed a right frontal/posterior corpus callosal lesion. She next had a MR-guided high-volume LP. A GBM was diagnosed following a biopsy. Postoperatively, after the LP, she was noted to have bilateral deltoid and bilateral 4/5 lower extremity weakness, with diffuse hyperreflexia. The MRI and magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) of the cervical spine demonstrated a large venous varix at the C5-C6 level within the left neural foramen. She underwent successful complete embolization of two thyrocervical branches with direct communication to an enlarged anterior spinal artery. One month later, her neurological examination returned to baseline; she was walking independently with only 4+/5 residual weakness in her left lower extremity.

Conclusions: Here we report a patient with a cranial GBM and an incidental cervical spinal C5-C6 DAVF that became symptomatic after a high-volume LP. It is possible that the high-volume LP increased vascular congestion, thus precipitating the onset of cervical myelopathy.