The study proposed to identify the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), associated factors, and progression to active tuberculosis among the identified cases. This was an epidemiological and descriptive study. The study population consisted of PLWHA seen from 2003 and 2014 in a reference center for HIV/AIDS. Data were collected from patient files and the Brazilian Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). Bivariate statistical analysis used the chi-square test in which variables with p < 0.2 were selected to enter the multiple regression model. Type I error was set at 5% (p < 0.05) for all the tests. In the study, 690 cases were analyzed, and 66 (9.4%) had a diagnosis of LTBI, with a prevalence of 7.5 cases per 100 patients. Of the 53 cases (80.3%) of LTBI who were prescribed treatment with isoniazid, only 26 (39.4%) concluded treatment, and 10 (15.1%) dropped out. Male gender (adjusted OR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.1-3.3), current incarceration (adjusted OR = 7.6; 95%CI: 2.35-24.9), and high lymphocyte count were associated with LTBI diagnosis (adjusted OR = 1.1; 95%CI: 1.1-1.2). Forty-seven (6.7%) of LTBI cases progressed to active TB. Diagnosis and treatment of LTBI in PLWHA were not prioritized, which contributed to the development of active disease among cases. The study contributed to knowledge on LTBI in PLWHA, demonstrating crucial aspects in the management of PLWHA and the importance of detecting LTBI and early initiation of isoniazid, aimed at improved quality of life and prognosis for PLWHA.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00050916 | DOI Listing |
JMIR Public Health Surveill
January 2025
Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine), 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China, 86 13770784000.
Background: The association between social media usage and the risk of depressive symptoms has attracted increasing attention. WeChat is a popular social media software in China. The impact of using WeChat and posting WeChat moments on the risk of developing depressive symptoms among community-based middle-aged and older adults in China is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetol Metab Syndr
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
Background: The triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) is considered to be a reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR). However, limited evidence exists regarding its association with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), particularly in hypertensive patients with different glucose metabolic states, including those with H-type hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between TyG-BMI and CAD severity across different glucose metabolism conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cardiothorac Surg
January 2025
Cardiology Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France.
Objectives: Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) is an alternative for patients with severe degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR). The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of surgery and TEER in older patients with degenerative MR patients using real life data.
Methods: Consecutives older patients (≥ 65 years-old), with severe symptomatic, degenerative MR requiring surgery or TEER between 2013 and 2023 were included.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Background: The prevalence of diabetes is escalating globally, underscoring the need for comprehensive evidence to inform health systems in effectively addressing this epidemic. The purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of countries' capacity to manage diabetes using latent class analysis (LCA) and to determine whether the patterns are associated with diabetes-related deaths and healthcare costs.
Methods: Eight indicators of country-level capacity were drawn from the World Health Organization Global Health Observatory dataset: the widespread availability of hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) testing, existence of diabetes registry, national diabetes management guidelines, national strategy for diabetes care, blood glucose testing, diabetic retinopathy screening, sulfonylureas, and metformin in the public health sector.
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Reproductive Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
Background: Infertility is a widespread problem for couples worldwide, and lifestyle factors are the cornerstone of infertility prevention. This research seeks to explore the association between combined healthy lifestyles and infertility risk among women of reproductive age.
Methods: This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2018), concentrating on 2,154 women aged 18 to 44.
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