This study assessed pediatric residents' reported knowledge of and self-confidence in identifying/treating 8 vaccine-preventable diseases. Pediatric residents nationwide (n = 385) reported (1) if they had previously diagnosed measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, varicella, and/or polio; (2) their comfort level in treating these diseases; (3) the likelihood of identifying symptoms; and (4) 16 disease-related statements as true/false. More than 25% of residents were not comfortable treating 5 of the 8 diseases. More than 25% reported themselves as unlikely/extremely unlikely to identify symptoms of 3 of these diseases. Third- or fourth-year residents did not feel more confident in identifying disease symptoms than first-year residents, except for pertussis ( P ≤ .01). True/false statement accuracy ranged from 56.8% correct (polio) to 94.6% correct (pertussis). Most residents (73.3%) were "extremely concerned" regarding parental vaccine refusal, and 96.0% felt that they would benefit from receiving more information. Increased emphasis on this subject in residency education is essential for the management of potential disease outbreaks.
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