Clinical course of incidental parathyroidectomy: Single center experience.

Objective: Thyroidectomy is a very common surgical procedure. Regardless of surgeon experience, incidental parathyroidectomy is a complication of thyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical course of incidental parathyroidectomies after thyroidectomy.

Methods: Patients who underwent thyroidectomy between January 2010 and June 2014 were evaluated retrospectively. Pathology reports were reviewed for the presence of parathyroid tissue in the thyroidectomy pathology specimens. Information regarding demographic, laboratory variables, operative details, and postoperative complications were collected.

Results: Incidental parathyroidectomy was found in 178 out of 3022 patients who had thyroidectomy (5.8%). Types of surgeries performed for 178 patients were total thyroidectomy (TT) in 132(74.2%) cases, TT and central lymph node dissection(CLND) in 30 (16.9%) cases, lobectomy in seven cases (3.9%), completion thyroidectomy in five (2.8%) patients and modified cervical lymph node dissection in four (2.2%)patients. One and two parathyroid glands were accidentally removed in 152 (85.3%) and 26 (14.7%) patients, respectively. In the entire series, biochemical temporary postoperative hypocalcemia occurred in 75(42.1%) patients and permanent hypocalcemia occured in 12 (6.7%) patients with incidental parathyroidectomy. There was not a statistically significant difference regarding the occurrence of postoperative permanent hypocalcemia between the patients who had incidental parathyroidectomy of one gland and the patients with two incidental parathyroidectomies (p=0.114).

Conclusion: Incidental parathyroidectomy is not uncommon during thyroidectomy. No association between inadvertent parathyroidectomy and postoperative permanent hypocalcemia was found.