The genetic analysis of susceptibility to infections has proven to be extremely useful for identification of key cells, molecules, pathways, and genes involved in the battle between two genomes - the essence of the infectious process. This is particularly true for tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections which traditionally attracted much attention from both immunologists and geneticists. In this short review, we observe results of genetic studies performed in human populations and in animal models and compare relative input of forward and reverse genetic approaches in our knowledge about genetic control of and immune responses to mycobacterial infections.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2017.05.004 | DOI Listing |
Mol Biomed
January 2025
Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 17#Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a prominent global health challenge, with the World Health Organization documenting over 1 million annual fatalities. Despite the deployment of the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine and available therapeutic agents, the escalation of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains underscores the pressing need for more efficacious vaccines and treatments. This review meticulously maps out the contemporary landscape of TB vaccine development, with a focus on antigen identification, clinical trial progress, and the obstacles and future trajectories in vaccine research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLung
January 2025
Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, NUHS Tower Block, Level 10, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious infection and one of the world's leading causes of death from a single infectious agent. Currently, TB diagnosis can be established via mycobacterial cultures, Acid Fast Bacilli smear and molecular studies. In the ever-evolving landscape of medical advancements, breath tests have shown considerable promise.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, National Capital Region Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.
Itaconate, an abundant metabolite produced by macrophages upon interferon-γ stimulation, possesses both antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. Despite its crucial role in immunity and antimicrobial control, its mechanism of action and dissimilation are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that infection of mice with increases itaconate levels in lung tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Biomol Chem
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
Bacterial biofilms are surface-attached communities consisting of non-replicating persister cells encased within an extracellular matrix of biomolecules. Unlike bacteria that have acquired resistance to antibiotics, persister cells enable biofilms to demonstrate innate tolerance toward all classes of conventional antibiotic therapies. It is estimated that 50-80% of bacterial infections are biofilm associated, which is considered the underlying cause of chronic and recurring infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
January 2025
Department of Public Health, China University of Geosciences Wuhan Hospital, Wuhan, China.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest infectious diseases and continues to be a major killer of human beings. This paper was designed to provide insights into the disease burden of TB.
Methods: The data was retrieved and downloaded from the latest GBD database.
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