AI Article Synopsis
- Specific IgE testing for the imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) is commonly used to diagnose ant allergies, but Thai patients may experience anaphylaxis from other ant species.
- In a study of 32 patients with ant anaphylaxis, S. geminata (tropical fire ant) was identified as the most frequent cause, accounting for 37.5% of cases.
- Analysis revealed 13 protein components in S. geminata that bind to IgE, with three major allergens identified, supporting the role of IgE in anaphylactic reactions among patients.
Article Abstract
Background: Specific IgE against Solenopsis invicta (imported fire ant) remains the current diagnostic tool for allergy to ants worldwide. However, S. invicta may not be the only cause of ant anaphylaxis in Thai patients.
Objective: To characterize ant species causing anaphylaxis in Thai patients and to test allergenic reactivity to whole body extracts (WBE) of S. geminata (tropical fire ants) in patients with evidence of IgE-mediated ant anaphylaxis.
Methods: Thirty-two patients with ant anaphylaxis were identified. The causative ants collected by the patients were subjected to species identification. Twelve patients with ant anaphylaxis and showed positive skin test or serum specific IgE to S. invicta and 14 control subjects were recruited. Whole body extraction from S. geminata was performed for protein characterization using SDS-PAGE and protein staining. IgE-immunoblotting and ELISA-specific IgE binding assays were performed on patients' sera and compared with controls.
Results: Of 32 patients with ant anaphylaxis, the most common causative ant identified was S. geminata (37.5%). Western blot analysis of crude S. geminata revealed 13 refined protein components that bound to patients' serum IgE. Three major allergens with molecular masses of 26, 55 and 75 kDa were identified. All 12 patients gave positive results for specific IgE to S. geminata with statistically significant higher absorbance units of 0.390 ± 0.044, compared to healthy control group (0.121 ± 0.010), P < 0.01.
Conclusions: S. geminata is identified as the most common causative ant anaphylaxis in Thai patients. Its WBE comprises of 13 IgE-binding components and 3 major allergens (26, 55 and 75 kDa), which supported possible IgE-mediated mechanism.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.12932/AP-100217-0012 | DOI Listing |
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