Missing values and outliers are frequently encountered while collecting data. The presence of missing values reduces the data available to be analyzed, compromising the statistical power of the study, and eventually the reliability of its results. In addition, it causes a significant bias in the results and degrades the efficiency of the data. Outliers significantly affect the process of estimating statistics (, the average and standard deviation of a sample), resulting in overestimated or underestimated values. Therefore, the results of data analysis are considerably dependent on the ways in which the missing values and outliers are processed. In this regard, this review discusses the types of missing values, ways of identifying outliers, and dealing with the two.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5548942 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2017.70.4.407 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Evaluating Neural Network Performance in Predicting Disease Status and Tissue Source of JC Polyomavirus from Patient Isolates Based on the Hypervariable Region of the Viral Genome.
Viruses
December 2024
Life Sciences, Health, and Engineering Department, The Roux Institute, Northeastern University, Portland, ME 04101, USA.
JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) establishes a persistent, asymptomatic kidney infection in most of the population. However, JCPyV can reactivate in immunocompromised individuals and cause progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a fatal demyelinating disease with no approved treatment. Mutations in the hypervariable non-coding control region (NCCR) of the JCPyV genome have been linked to disease outcomes and neuropathogenesis, yet few metanalyses document these associations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease in the U.S.: A Cross-Sectional Study.
J Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery and Neuromodulation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
: Inflammation is reportedly related to Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and PD remains unexplored. This study aimed to explore the potential relationship between the SII and PD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEdentulism or Poor Oral Hygiene: Which Is the Stronger Predictor for All-Cause Mortality?
J Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
: All-cause mortality consisting of several heterogeneous subgroups does not have a well-defined set of risk factors. Despite the well-described role of oral hygiene on mortality, the association between the condition of the existing dentition and mortality remains unclear. Therefore, we embarked on the current study to assess the association of oral hygiene self-care (OHS) with all-cause mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferences in Nanoplastic Formation Behavior Between High-Density Polyethylene and Low-Density Polyethylene.
Molecules
January 2025
Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) films were used to create nanoplastic (NP) models, with the shape of delamination occurring during degradation. In the case of HDPE, selective degradation occurred not only in the amorphous part, but also in the crystalline part at the same time. Some of the lamellae that extend radially to form the spherulite structure were missing during the 30-day degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBuilding Wealth, Building Health: Asset Holding and Health Care Utilization Among U.S. Immigrants.
Healthcare (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Social Welfare and Counseling, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
Purpose: Immigrants' low socioeconomic status is consistently linked to reduced healthcare utilization. This study extends the Andersen Behavioral Model by incorporating asset ownership as an enabling factor and examining its role across immigrant origin groups. It addresses two questions: (1) What is the relationship between asset ownership and healthcare utilization among immigrants? (2) Are there ethnic differences in this relationship?
Methods: Data from 4730 adults in the National Immigrant Survey (NIS) were analyzed.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!